Müller cells are glia that play important regulatory roles in retinal metabolism. These roles have been evolutionarily conserved across at least 300 million years. Müller cells have a tightly locked metabolic signature in the healthy retina, which rapidly degrades in response to insult and disease. This variation in metabolic signature occurs in a chaotic fashion, involving some central metabolic pathways. The cause of this divergence of Müller cells, from a single class with a unique metabolic signature to numerous separable metabolic classes, is currently unknown and illuminates potential alternative metabolic pathways that may be revealed in disease. Understanding the impacts of this heterogeneity on degenerate retinas and the implications for the metabolic support of surrounding neurons will be critical to long-term integration of retinal therapeutics for the restoration of visual perception following photoreceptor degeneration.

中文翻译：

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穆勒细胞代谢特征：疾病的进化保守和破坏


米勒细胞是在视网膜代谢中发挥重要调节作用的神经胶质细胞。这些角色在至少 3 亿年的进化过程中得到了保留。穆勒细胞在健康的视网膜中具有紧密锁定的代谢特征，该特征会因损伤和疾病而迅速降解。代谢特征的这种变化以混乱的方式发生，涉及一些中心代谢途径。穆勒细胞从具有独特代谢特征的单一类别到众多可分离的代谢类别的这种分化的原因目前尚不清楚，并且阐明了疾病中可能揭示的潜在替代代谢途径。了解这种异质性对退化视网膜的影响以及对周围神经元代谢支持的影响对于长期整合视网膜治疗以恢复光感受器退化后的视觉感知至关重要。