Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis is an important approach to investigate the effects of genetic variants identified through an increasing number of large-scale, multidimensional 'omics data sets. In this 'big data' era, the research community has identified a significant number of molecular QTLs (molQTLs) and increased our understanding of their effects. Herein, we review multiple categories of molQTLs, including those associated with transcriptome, post-transcriptional regulation, epigenetics, proteomics, metabolomics, and the microbiome. We summarize approaches to identify molQTLs and to infer their causal effects. We further discuss the integrative analysis of molQTLs through a multi-omics perspective. Our review highlights future opportunities to better understand the functional significance of genetic variants and to utilize the discovery of molQTLs in precision medicine.

中文翻译：

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精密医学中定量特质基因座的多组学视角。

数量性状基因座（QTL）分析是研究通过越来越多的大规模，多维'组学数据集确定的遗传变异的影响的重要方法。在这个“大数据”时代，研究界已经发现了大量的分子QTL（molQTL），并加深了我们对其影响的理解。本文中，我们综述了molQTL的多种类别，包括与转录组，转录后调控，表观遗传学，蛋白质组学，代谢组学和微生物组相关的那些。我们总结了识别molQTL并推断其因果关系的方法。我们将通过多组学的角度进一步讨论molQTL的整合分析。