This article offers a survey of recent solutions involving electric drives and power chargers for fully electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid EVs (HEVs). Based on our research and experimental activities regarding electric drives, we also show experimental data from prototypes. After reviewing the opportunities and challenges of vehicle electrification, the article analyzes electric machines and power converters for two main market trends: 1) low-voltage (48-V) HEVs, allowing for a smooth transition from internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs), and 2) full EVs, operating above 200 V. First, we discuss a 48-V integrated belt-driven starter generator (BSG), together with its tightly coupled power control electronics. Substituting a 12-V alternator, the BSG provides torque assistance to ICEVs for lowspeed, start-stop and regenerative-braking functionalities, and electric power generation for onboard loads. Instead, new topologies of electric machines are needed for full EVs.

中文翻译：

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电力驱动器和电源充电器：提高混合动力和全电动汽车性能和能源效率的最新解决方案

本文概述了最新的解决方案，涉及用于全电动汽车 (EV) 和混合动力电动汽车 (HEV) 的电力驱动器和电源充电器。基于我们关于电驱动的研究和实验活动，我们还展示了原型的实验数据。在回顾了汽车电气化的机遇和挑战之后，本文分析了电机和电源转换器的两个主要市场趋势：1) 低压 (48-V) HEV，允许从内燃机汽车 (ICEV) 平稳过渡， 2) 全电动汽车，在 200 V 以上运行。首先，我们讨论 48 V 集成皮带驱动启动发电机 (BSG) 及其紧密耦合的功率控制电子设备。BSG 替代 12 V 交流发电机，为低速的 ICEV 提供扭矩辅助，起停和再生制动功能，以及车载负载的发电。相反，全电动汽车需要新的电机拓扑结构。