Background Microorganisms in biogas reactors are essential for degradation of organic matter and methane production. However, a comprehensive genome-centric comparison, including relevant metadata for each sample, is still needed to identify the globally distributed biogas community members and serve as a reliable repository. Results Here, 134 publicly available metagenomes derived from different biogas reactors were used to recover 1635 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) representing different biogas bacterial and archaeal species. All genomes were estimated to be > 50% complete and nearly half ≥ 90% complete with ≤ 5% contamination. In most samples, specialized microbial communities were established, while only a few taxa were widespread among the different reactor systems. Metabolic reconstruction of the MAGs enabled the prediction of functional traits related to biomass degradation and methane production from waste biomass. An extensive evaluation of the replication index provided an estimation of the growth dynamics for microbes involved in different steps of the food chain. Conclusions The outcome of this study highlights a high flexibility of the biogas microbiome, allowing it to modify its composition and to adapt to the environmental conditions, including temperatures and a wide range of substrates. Our findings enhance our mechanistic understanding of the AD microbiome and substantially extend the existing repository of genomes. The established database represents a relevant resource for future studies related to this engineered ecosystem.

中文翻译：

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来自多个厌氧消化器的近 1600 个物种的综合基因组解析宏基因组学从沼气微生物组中获得新见解。

背景 沼气反应器中的微生物对于有机物的降解和甲烷的产生至关重要。然而，仍然需要进行全面的以基因组为中心的比较，包括每个样本的相关元数据，以确定全球分布的沼气群落成员并作为可靠的存储库。结果 在这里，来自不同沼气反应器的 134 个公开可用的宏基因组被用于恢复代表不同沼气细菌和古细菌物种的 1635 个宏基因组组装基因组 (MAGs)。据估计，所有基因组的完成度 > 50%，几乎一半 ≥ 90% 完成度≤ 5% 的污染。在大多数样品中，建立了专门的微生物群落，而在不同的反应器系统中只有少数分类群广泛分布。MAG 的代谢重建能够预测与生物质降解和废弃生物质产生甲烷相关的功能特征。对复制指数的广泛评估提供了对参与食物链不同步骤的微生物生长动态的估计。结论这项研究的结果突出了沼气微生物组的高度灵活性，使其能够改变其组成并适应环境条件，包括温度和各种底物。我们的发现增强了我们对 AD 微生物组的机制理解，并大大扩展了现有的基因组库。已建立的数据库代表了与该工程生态系统相关的未来研究的相关资源。