Background

The emergence of antimicrobial resistance of many bacteria is a significant drawback of antimicrobial use. A key measure to assess antimicrobial use is point prevalence study.

Methods

This was a point prevalence study of all hospitalized patients at Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, a 350-bed hospital, and was conducted at two-points from January 2017 to January 2019. We recorded systemic antibiotic use and the indications as prophylactic, empiric, and definite therapy.

Result

Of the 489 hospitalized patients whom were included, 200 (40%) were on systemic antibiotics. Of the total antibiotic indications, 144 (72%) were empiric, 17 (8.5) were prophylactic antibiotics, and 39 (19.5%) were definite therapy, according to hospital guidelines. Most commonly used antibiotics were meropenem (18%), cefazolin (10%), and ceftriaxone (8%). Of included patients, 29.4% were on a single antibiotic, 10% recieved two antibiotics, and 1.4% were on three antibiotics. Of the patients receiving an antibiotic that could be given orally, only 41.4% received oral therapy.

Conclusion

A large percentage of patients were on empiric antimicrobial therapy and areas for further improvements in antimicrobial stewardship includes intravenous to oral switch, evaluating the need for combination therapy, restrictions, education and putting appropriate use guidelines.

中文翻译：

---

沙特阿拉伯一家综合医院住院患者全身抗生素使用模式。

背景

许多细菌的抗菌素耐药性的出现是抗菌素使用的一个显着缺点。评估抗菌素使用的关键措施是点流行率研究。

方法

这是对约翰霍普金斯阿美医疗保健（一家拥有 350 个床位的医院）的所有住院患者进行的点流行率研究，于 2017 年 1 月至 2019 年 1 月在两点进行。我们记录了全身抗生素使用和适应症为预防性、经验性和确定疗法。

结果

在纳入的 489 名住院患者中，200 名 (40%) 接受全身抗生素治疗。根据医院指南，在所有抗生素适应症中，144 个 (72%) 是经验性的，17 个 (8.5) 是预防性抗生素，39 个 (19.5%) 是明确的治疗。最常用的抗生素是美罗培南 (18%)、头孢唑啉 (10%) 和头孢曲松 (8%)。在纳入的患者中，29.4% 使用一种抗生素，10% 使用两种抗生素，1.4% 使用三种抗生素。在接受可以口服抗生素的患者中，只有 41.4% 接受了口服治疗。

结论

很大一部分患者接受了经验性抗菌治疗，抗菌药物管理需要进一步改进的领域包括静脉改为口服、评估联合治疗的必要性、限制、教育和制定适当的使用指南。