BACKGROUND Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) survivors are burdened by a high prevalence and early onset of chronic disease. Healthy dietary patterns have been associated with lower risks of chronic health conditions in the general population. HCT survivors are susceptible to multiple complications and may result in chronic illness. Unfortunately, no study to date has comprehensively documented the adherence of HCT survivors to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA), specifically designed to provide guidance for making healthy food choices. The aims of this study were to evaluate diet quality and nutrient intake adequacy of HCT survivors. A secondary aim was to assess their willingness to take part in a future dietary intervention. METHODS Dietary intake of adults, who had undergone autologous or allogeneic HCT for a hematologic disease and were at least 1-y post-transplantation, was assessed using the Block 2014 food frequency questionnaire and diet quality was estimated using the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015). Nutrient intake adequacies of the group were estimated by the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) cut-point method. RESULTS Survivors' (n=90) HEI-2015 scores averaged 61.6±1.1. Adherence to a good quality diet was reported by only 10% of survivors. Intakes of vitamins A, C and D, as well as magnesium and calcium, suggested inadequacy. Fiber intake at 8.9 g per 1000 kcal/d fell below the Adequate Intake recommendation. "Change in taste" was associated with lower quality of diet (p=0.02). HCT survivors within 2 y post-transplant were more receptive to participation in a dietary intervention compared to survivors beyond 2 y (95% vs. 65%, p=0.0013). CONCLUSION Adult HCT survivors reported less than optimal adherence to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans and had numerous short-fall nutrient intakes. However, their willingness to participate in a dietary intervention was relatively high. These findings reinforce the need to incorporate nutrition into HCT survivor care.

中文翻译：

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造血干细胞移植幸存者的饮食摄入和饮食质量。

背景技术造血干细胞移植（HCT）幸存者受到慢性病的高患病率和早期发作的负担。健康的饮食习惯与一般人群的慢性健康状况较低风险相关。HCT幸存者易患多种并发症，并可能导致慢性疾病。不幸的是，迄今为止，尚无任何研究全面记录HCT幸存者是否遵守《美国人饮食指南》（DGA），该指南专门为提供健康食品选择提供指导。这项研究的目的是评估HCT幸存者的饮食质量和营养摄入量。第二个目的是评估他们参加未来饮食干预的意愿。方法成年人的饮食摄入，对接受过自体或异源HCT血液学检查且移植后至少1年的患者，使用Block 2014食物频率问卷进行评估，并使用健康饮食指数2015（HEI-2015）评估饮食质量。通过估计平均需求量（EAR）切入点法估算该组的营养摄入量。结果幸存者（n = 90）的HEI-2015评分平均为61.6±1.1。据报道只有10％的幸存者坚持优质饮食。维生素A，C和D以及镁和钙的摄入量不足。纤维摄入量为8.9 g / 1000 kcal / d，低于适当摄入量建议。“口味改变”与较低的饮食质量有关（p = 0.02）。与2年后的幸存者相比，移植后2年之内的HCT幸存者对饮食干预的接受程度更高（95％对65％，p = 0.0013）。结论成年的HCT幸存者报告的遵守《 2015-2020年美国人饮食指南》的最佳依从性差，并且摄入的营养素不足。但是，他们参加饮食干预的意愿较高。这些发现加强了将营养纳入HCT幸存者护理的必要性。