Aging is a major cause of many degenerative diseases. The most intuitive consequence of aging is mainly manifested on the skin, resulting in cumulative changes in skin structure, function and appearance, such as increased wrinkles, laxity, elastosis, telangiectasia, and aberrant pigmentation of the skin. Unlike other organs of the human body, skin is not only inevitably affected by the intrinsic aging process, but also affected by various extrinsic environmental factors to accelerate aging, especially ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Skin aging is a highly complex and not fully understood process, and the lack of universal biomarkers for the definitive detection and evaluation of aging is also a major research challenge. Oxidative stress induced by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to lipid, protein, nucleic acid and organelle damage, thus leading to the occurrence of cellular senescence, which is one of the core mechanisms mediating skin aging. Autophagy can maintain cellular homeostasis when faced with different stress conditions and is one of the survival mechanisms of cell resistance to intrinsic and extrinsic stress. Autophagy and aging have many features in common and may be associated with skin aging mediated by different factors. Here, we summarize the changes and biomarkers of skin aging, and discuss the effects of oxidative stress and autophagy on skin aging.

衰老是许多退行性疾病的主要原因。衰老最直观的结果主要表现在皮肤上，导致皮肤结构，功能和外观的累积变化，例如增加的皱纹，松弛，弹性，毛细血管扩张和皮肤异常色素沉着。与人体的其他器官不同，皮肤不仅不可避免地受到内在衰老过程的影响，而且还受到各种外部环境因素的影响，从而加速衰老，特别是紫外线（UV）辐射。皮肤衰老是一个高度复杂且尚未完全了解的过程，并且缺乏用于确定性检测和评估衰老的通用生物标志物也是主要的研究挑战。活性氧（ROS）积累引起的氧化应激可导致脂质，蛋白质，核酸和细胞器的损伤，从而导致细胞衰老的发生，这是介导皮肤衰老的核心机制之一。当面对不同的应激条件时，自噬可以维持细胞稳态，并且是细胞对内源性和外源性抗性的生存机制之一。自噬和衰老具有许多共同特征，并且可能与不同因素介导的皮肤衰老有关。在这里，我们总结了皮肤衰老的变化和生物标志物，并讨论了氧化应激和自噬对皮肤衰老的影响。当面对不同的应激条件时，自噬可以维持细胞稳态，并且是细胞对内源性和外源性抗性的生存机制之一。自噬和衰老具有许多共同特征，并且可能与不同因素介导的皮肤衰老有关。在这里，我们总结了皮肤衰老的变化和生物标志物，并讨论了氧化应激和自噬对皮肤衰老的影响。当面对不同的应激条件时，自噬可以维持细胞稳态，并且是细胞对内源性和外源性抗性的生存机制之一。自噬和衰老具有许多共同特征，并且可能与不同因素介导的皮肤衰老有关。在这里，我们总结了皮肤衰老的变化和生物标志物，并讨论了氧化应激和自噬对皮肤衰老的影响。