Male fertility is driven by spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) that self-renew while also giving rise to differentiating spermatogonia. Spermatogonial transitions are accompanied by a shift in gene expression, however, whether equivalent changes in metabolism occur remains unexplored. In this review, we mined recently published scRNA-seq databases from mouse and human testes to compare expression profiles of spermatogonial subsets, focusing on metabolism. Comparisons revealed a conserved upregulation of genes involved in mitochondrial function, biogenesis, and oxidative phosphorylation in differentiating spermatogonia, while gene expression in SSCs reflected a glycolytic cell. Here, we also discuss the relationship between metabolism and the external microenvironment within which spermatogonia reside.

中文翻译：

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伴随精原干细胞分化的代谢变化。

男性的生育能力是由精子干细胞（SSC）驱动的，这些细胞自我更新，同时也引起分化的精原细胞。精原细胞的过渡伴随着基因表达的改变，但是，是否发生同等的新陈代谢变化尚待探讨。在这篇综述中，我们从小鼠和人类睾丸中提取了最近发表的scRNA-seq数据库，以比较精原细胞亚群的表达谱，重点是代谢。比较显示在分化的精原细胞中，涉及线粒体功能，生物发生和氧化磷酸化的基因保守上调，而SSCs中的基因表达反映了糖酵解细胞。在这里，我们还讨论了代谢与精原细胞所处的外部微环境之间的关系。