In finite-time quantum heat engines, some work is consumed to drive a working fluid accompanying coherence, which is called “friction.” To understand the role of friction in quantum thermodynamics, we present a couple of finite-time quantum Otto cycles with two different baths: Agarwal versus Lindbladian. We solve them exactly and compare the performance of the Agarwal engine with that of the Lindbladian engine. In particular, we find remarkable and counterintuitive results that the performance of the Agarwal engine due to friction can be much higher than that in the quasistatic limit with the Otto efficiency, and the power of the Lindbladian engine can be nonzero in the short-time limit. Based on additional numerical calculations of these outcomes, we discuss possible origins of such differences between two engines and reveal them. Our results imply that, even with an equilibrium bath, a nonequilibrium working fluid brings on the higher performance than what an equilibrium working fluid does.

中文翻译：

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有限时间量子Otto引擎：由于摩擦而超过了准静态效率

在有限时间量子热引擎中，伴随着相干性而消耗了一些功来驱动工作流体，这被称为“摩擦”。为了理解摩擦在量子热力学中的作用，我们提出了两个有限时间的量子奥托循环，它们具有两个不同的浴场：阿加瓦尔和林德布莱德。我们精确地解决了它们，并比较了Agarwal引擎和Lindbladian引擎的性能。尤其是，我们发现了令人吃惊和反直觉的结果：由于摩擦，Agarwal发动机的性能可能会比准静态极限下的奥托效率高得多，而林德布拉德发动机的功率在短时间内可能非零。 。基于这些结果的其他数值计算，我们讨论了两个引擎之间这种差异的可能根源，并揭示了它们。