Retinoids in health and disease: A role for hepatic stellate cells in affecting retinoid levels.,Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids

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Retinoids in health and disease: A role for hepatic stellate cells in affecting retinoid levels.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-24 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158674
Maya W Haaker ₁ , Arie B Vaandrager ₁ , J Bernd Helms ₁

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Vitamin A (retinol) is important for normal growth, vision and reproduction. It has a role in the immune response and the development of metabolic syndrome. Most of the retinol present in the body is stored as retinyl esters within lipid droplets in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In case of liver damage, HSCs release large amounts of stored retinol, which is partially converted to retinoic acid (RA). This surge of RA can mediate the immune response and enhance the regeneration of the liver. If the damage persists activated HSCs change into myofibroblast-like cells producing extracellular matrix, which increases the chance of tumorigenesis to occur. RA has been shown to decrease proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. The levels of RA and RA signaling are influenced by the possibility to esterify retinol towards retinyl esters. This suggests a complex regulation between different retinoids, with an important regulatory role for HSCs.

中文翻译：

维甲酸在健康和疾病中的作用：肝星状细胞在影响维甲酸水平中的作用。

维生素A（视黄醇）对于正常的生长，视力和生殖很重要。它在免疫应答和代谢综合征的发展中起作用。人体中存在的大多数视黄醇以视黄酯形式储存在肝星状细胞（HSC）中的脂滴中。万一发生肝损伤，HSC会释放大量储存的视黄醇，部分视黄醇会转化为视黄酸（RA）。RA的这种激增可以介导免疫反应并增强肝脏的再生。如果损伤持续存在，则活化的HSCs转变为成肌纤维细胞样细胞，产生细胞外基质，从而增加了发生肿瘤的机会。RA已显示可减少肝细胞癌的增殖和转移。RA和RA信号传导的水平受将视黄醇酯化为视黄酯的可能性影响。

更新日期：2020-02-24

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