Shaping Field Gradients for Nanolocalization,ACS Photonics

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Shaping Field Gradients for Nanolocalization
ACS Photonics ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-28 , DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.9b01720
Sergey Nechayev _{1,

2} , Jörg S. Eismann _{1,

2} , Martin Neugebauer _{1,

2} , Peter Banzer _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Deep subwavelength localization and displacement sensing of optical nanoantennas have emerged as extensively pursued objectives in nanometrology, where focused beams serve as high-precision optical rulers while the scattered light provides an optical readout. Here, we show that in these schemes using an optical excitation as a position gauge implies that the sensitivity to displacements of a nanoantenna depends on the spatial gradients of the excitation field. Specifically, we explore one of such novel localization schemes based on the appearance of transversely spinning fields in strongly confined optical beams, resulting in far-field segmentation of left- and right-hand circular polarizations of the scattered light, an effect known as the giant spin-Hall effect of light. We construct vector beams with an augmented transverse spin density gradient in the focal plane and experimentally confirm enhanced sensitivity of the far-field spin segmentation to lateral displacements of an electric-dipole nanoantenna. We conclude that sculpturing of electromagnetic field gradients and intelligent design of scatterers pave the way toward further improvements in displacement sensitivity.

中文翻译：

纳米场的成形场梯度

光学纳米天线的深亚波长定位和位移传感已成为纳米计量学中广泛追求的目标，其中聚焦光束充当高精度光学尺，而散射光提供光学读数。在这里，我们表明，在这些方案中，使用光激发作为位置测量仪意味着对纳米天线位移的敏感度取决于激发场的空间梯度。具体而言，我们基于强约束光束中横向旋转场的出现，探索了这样一种新颖的定位方案，从而导致了散射光的左旋和右旋圆偏振的远场分割，这种效应被称为“巨大”。自旋霍尔效应的光。我们构建了在焦平面上具有增加的横向自旋密度梯度的矢量射束，并通过实验确认了远场自旋分割对电偶极纳米天线横向位移的增强的敏感性。我们得出结论，电磁场梯度的雕刻和散射体的智能设计为进一步提高位移灵敏度铺平了道路。

更新日期：2020-02-28

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