Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is a key part of the diagnostic workup of primary aldosteronism, distinguishing unilateral from bilateral disease and determining treatment options. Although AVS is a well-established procedure, many aspects remain controversial, including optimal patient selection for the procedure and exactly how AVS is performed and interpreted. Despite the controversies, a growing body of evidence supports the use of AVS in most patients with primary aldosteronism, though some specific patient groups may be able to forego AVS and proceed directly to treatment. Although AVS remains a difficult procedure, success rates may be improved with the use of advanced CT imaging techniques and/or rapid cortisol assays. New advances in nuclear imaging and steroid profiling may also offer alternatives or adjuncts to AVS in the future.

肾上腺静脉采样（AVS）是原发性醛固酮增多症诊断检查的关键部分，可将单侧与双侧疾病区分开来并确定治疗方案。尽管AVS是一种行之有效的程序，但许多方面仍存在争议，包括该程序的最佳患者选择以及AVS的执行和解释方式。尽管存在争议，但越来越多的证据支持在大多数原发性醛固酮增多症患者中使用AVS，尽管某些特定的患者组可能可以放弃AVS并直接进行治疗。尽管AVS仍然是一个困难的过程，但是通过使用先进的CT成像技术和/或快速皮质醇测定可以提高成功率。核成像和类固醇谱分析的新进展将来也可能为AVS提供替代方案或附件。