Immunotherapy for cancer is making impressive strides at improving survival of a subset of cancer patients. To increase the breadth of patients that benefit from immunotherapy, new strategies that combat the immunosuppressive microenvironment of tumors are needed. Phosphatidylserine (PS) signaling is exploited by tumors to enhance tumor immune evasion and thus strategies to inhibit PS-mediated immune suppression have potential to increase the efficacy of immunotherapy. PS is a membrane lipid that flips to the outer surface of the cell membrane during apoptosis and/or cell stress. Externalized PS can drive efferocytosis or engage PS receptors (PSRs) to promote local immune suppression. In the tumor microenvironment (TME) PS-mediated immune suppression is often termed apoptotic mimicry. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting PS or PSRs have been developed and are in preclinical and clinical testing. The TIM (T-cell/transmembrane, immunoglobulin, and mucin) and TAM (Tyro3, AXL, and MerTK) family of receptors are PSRs that have been shown to drive PS-mediated immune suppression in tumors. This review will highlight the development of mAbs targeting PS, TIM-3 and the TAM receptors. Video Abstract.

中文翻译：

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TIM，TAM和PS抗体靶向：对癌症免疫治疗的意义。

癌症的免疫疗法在改善部分癌症患者的生存方面取得了令人瞩目的进步。为了增加受益于免疫疗法的患者的范围​​，需要新的策略来对抗肿瘤的免疫抑制性微环境。肿瘤利用磷脂酰丝氨酸（PS）信号增强肿瘤免疫逃逸，因此抑制PS介导的免疫抑制的策略可能会提高免疫疗法的效力。PS是一种膜脂质，在细胞凋亡和/或细胞应激期间会翻转到细胞膜的外表面。外在的PS可以驱动胞吞或促使PS受体（PSR）促进局部免疫抑制。在肿瘤微环境（TME）中，PS介导的免疫抑制作用通常被称为凋亡模拟。已经开发出靶向PS或PSR的单克隆抗体（mAb），并且正在临床前和临床测试中。TIM（T细胞/跨膜，免疫球蛋白和粘蛋白）和TAM（Tyro3，AXL和MerTK）受体家族是PSR，已被证明可在肿瘤中驱动PS介导的免疫抑制。这篇综述将重点介绍针对PS，TIM-3和TAM受体的单克隆抗体的开发。录像摘要。