Exercise imposes cellular stress on contracting skeletal muscle fibers, forcing them to complete molecular adaptations to maintain homeostasis. There is mounting evidence that redox signaling by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is vital for skeletal muscle exercise adaptations across many different exercise modalities. The study of redox signaling is moving towards a growing appreciation that these ROS do not signal in a global unspecific way, but rather elicit their effects in distinct subcellular compartments. This short review will first outline the sources of ROS in exercising skeletal muscle and then discuss some examples of exercise adaptations, which are evidenced to be regulated by compartmentalized redox signaling. We speculate that knowledge of these redox pathways might one day allow targeted manipulation to increase redox-signaling in specific compartments to augment the exercise-hormetic response in health and disease.

运动对收缩的骨骼肌纤维施加细胞压力，迫使它们完成分子适应以维持体内平衡。越来越多的证据表明，通过活性氧（ROS）进行的氧化还原信号传递对于跨许多不同运动方式的骨骼肌运动适应至关重要。氧化还原信号的研究正朝着越来越多的认识到，这些ROS并不是以一种整体的非特异性方式发出信号，而是在不同的亚细胞区室引发它们的作用。这篇简短的评论将首先概述运动骨骼肌中ROS的来源，然后讨论运动适应性的一些示例，这些示例已证明是由分隔的氧化还原信号调节的。