Graphene offers the possibility for actively controlling plasmon confinement and propagation by tailoring its spatial conductivity. However, implementation of this concept has been hampered because it is difficult to control the conductivity pattern without disturbing the electromagnetic environment of graphene plasmons. Here we demonstrate full electrical control of plasmon reflection/transmission in graphene at electronic boundaries induced by a transparent patterned zinc oxide gate, which is designed to minimize the electromagnetic coupling to graphene in the terahertz range. This approach enables plasmons to be confined to desired regions. Our approach might be applied to various types of plasmonic devices, paving the way for implementing a programmable plasmonic circuit.

石墨烯提供了通过调整其空间电导率来主动控制等离激元限制和传播的可能性。然而，由于难以在不干扰石墨烯等离子体激元的电磁环境的情况下控制导电模式，因此阻碍了该概念的实现。在这里，我们展示了由透明图案化的氧化锌栅极引起的电子边界处石墨烯中等离激元反射/透射的完全电控制，该电子边界被设计为在太赫兹范围内最小化与石墨烯的电磁耦合。这种方法使等离激元被限制在所需的区域。我们的方法可能适用于各种类型的等离子设备，为实现可编程等离子电路铺平了道路。