SiO₂ nanoparticles were synthesized by the Stober method. Their diameters were finely tuned from 250 to 580 nm by varying the NH₃·H₂O and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) concentrations. SiO₂ particles with different diameters were assembled onto the surface of cotton fabric via the layer-by-layer electrostatic self-assembling method to achieve structural colored fabrics. The surface morphologies of the synthesized SiO₂ particles and structural colored cotton fabrics were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The chemical composition of SiO₂ particles was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The thermal properties and color properties of structural color fabrics were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis, UV reflectance spectroscopy and spectrophotometer.

通过Stober方法合成了SiO ₂纳米颗粒。通过改变NH ₃ ·H ₂ O和原硅酸四乙酯（TEOS）的浓度，可将其直径从250 nm调整至580 nm 。通过层层静电自组装法将不同直径的SiO ₂颗粒组装到棉织物的表面上，得到结构化的有色织物。通过扫描电子显微镜分析了合成的SiO ₂颗粒和有色棉织物的表面形态。SiO ₂的化学组成通过傅立叶变换红外光谱和X射线衍射分析颗粒。通过热重分析，紫外反射光谱和分光光度计分析了结构彩色织物的热性能和颜色性能。