The characterization of the physical–chemical properties and the thermal behavior of oilseed fruits for biofuels production has gained interest in the scientific community and society more generally, in particular with regard to their use as partial replacements for fossil fuels and for the possible reduction of air pollutants that cause problems for human health, animals, and plants. These oilseed fruits, which are rich in lipids, triglycerides, fatty acids, carotenoids, and other greasy compounds, can be transformed into solid, liquid, and gaseous products by different thermochemical conversion processes (conventional combustion, pyrolysis, oxy‐fuel combustion, gasification and transesterification). This review investigates the different oleaginous feedstocks commonly found in the forests and plantations of Brazil – for example, olive stones, palm fruits, babassu coconut, macauba fruits, tucumã seeds and soybeans, and the respective residues generated from biofuel production and manufacturing processes. The main opportunities and challenges associated with the use of biofuels produced from these oilseed fruits lie in the fact that internal combustion engines using fossil fuels do not need to undergo modifications and mechanical adaptations to operate, and there is no corrosion risk and / or deterioration of metallic parts. Biofuels produce less greenhouse gas, or their pollution is considered neutral. Finally, the native forests of Brazil and the world present a vast number of different oleaginous species that still need be studied because they have excellent potential to be used as biofuels, as they are renewable energy sources and are sustainably eco‐friendly. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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使用不同的热化学过程从油料籽中提取生物燃料：机遇与挑战

用于生物燃料生产的油料果实的理化性质和热行为的表征已引起科学界和整个社会的广泛兴趣，特别是在将其用作化石燃料的部分替代品以及减少空气排放方面对人类健康，动植物造成问题的污染物。这些油籽果实富含脂质，甘油三酸酯，脂肪酸，类胡萝卜素和其他油脂化合物，可通过不同的热化学转化过程（常规燃烧，热解，氧燃料燃烧，气化）转化为固体，液体和气态产物。和酯交换）。这篇评论调查了巴西森林和人工林中常见的各种含油原料，例如橄榄石，Tucumã种子和大豆，以及生物燃料生产和制造过程中产生的相应残留物。与使用由这些油料种子果实生产的生物燃料相关的主要机遇和挑战在于，使用化石燃料的内燃机无需经过改装和机械改造即可运行，并且不存在腐蚀风险和/或性能恶化。金属零件。生物燃料产生的温室气体较少，或者其污染被认为是中性的。最后，巴西和世界各地的原始森林中存在着大量需要研究的不同油质物种，因为它们具有极强的潜力可以用作生物燃料，因为它们是可再生能源，并且具有可持续的生态友好性。©2020年化学工业协会和John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd