Occurrence and characterization of Alternaria species associated with leaf spot disease in rapeseed in Serbia,Plant Pathology

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Occurrence and characterization of Alternaria species associated with leaf spot disease in rapeseed in Serbia
Plant Pathology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-24 , DOI: 10.1111/ppa.13168
Jovana D. Blagojević ₁ , Jelena B. Vukojević ₂ , Žarko S. Ivanović ₁

Affiliation

The global demand for rapeseed makes it one of the fastest growing markets in crop production, with a need for increasing growing area and productivity, both of which depend on effective pathogen control strategies. Alternaria pathogens cause serious losses of brassica crops and occur in most rapeseed‐growing regions around the world. In this study, morphological, molecular, and pathogenic analyses of 113 isolates collected from nine important rapeseed‐growing areas in Serbia identified four pathogens: Alternaria brassicae, A. brassicicola, A. japonica, and A. alternata, causing leaf spot disease. Molecular analyses of ITS, GAPDH, Alt a1, and ATP sequences revealed one multilocus haplotype for A. brassicae and A. japonica isolates, whereas for A. brassicicola and A. alternata three and five haplotypes were distinguished, respectively. Pathogenicity tests showed that A. brassicicola was the most virulent while A. brassicae and A. japonica exhibited the same level of pathogenicity. The A. alternata population was generally weakly pathogenic with one nonpathogenic, genetically separated but closely related group of isolates, suggesting that pathogenicity is more unstable in this phylogenetic lineage. The data recorded on rate of growth and sporulation of isolates at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 °C revealed significant differences in evolutionary strategies among species, as A. alternata had the widest optimum range and the fastest growth rate, A. brassicicola showed the highest sporulation intensity, and A. brassicae expressed lower optimum temperatures for sporulation compared to other groups. All species indicated the potential for cross‐infection of cabbage, and some haplotypes of A. brassicicola were previously isolated from horseradish in Serbia, suggesting the presence of one persistent Alternaria population on multiple brassica hosts in the region. This report describes the first detailed study of Alternaria spp. in rapeseed in Serbia.

中文翻译：

与塞尔维亚油菜叶斑病相关的链格孢属物种的发生和特征

全球对油菜籽的需求使其成为作物生产增长最快的市场之一，需要增加种植面积和生产力，这两者都取决于有效的病原体控制策略。链格孢属病原体导致芸苔属作物的严重损失，发生在世界上大多数油菜籽种植区。在这项研究中，对从塞尔维亚 9 个重要油菜籽种植区收集的 113 株分离物进行形态学、分子和病原学分析，确定了四种病原体：Alternaria brasicae、A. brasicicola、A. japonica 和 A. alternata，导致叶斑病。ITS、GAPDH、Alt a1 和 ATP 序列的分子分析揭示了芸苔属植物和粳稻分离株的一种多位点单倍型，而芸苔属植物和互生木霉分别有 3 种和 5 种单倍型。致病性试验表明，芸苔草的毒力最强，而芸苔草和粳稻的致病性水平相同。A. alternata 种群通常具有弱致病性，其中有一组非致病性、遗传上分离但密切相关的分离株，这表明该系统发育谱系的致病性更不稳定。在 0、5、10、15、20、25、30、35 和 40 °C 下记录的分离株生长率和孢子形成率数据显示物种之间的进化策略存在显着差异，因为 A. alternata 具有最宽的最佳范围和最快的生长速度，A. brasicicola 表现出最高的孢子形成强度，与其他群体相比，A. brasicae 表现出较低的孢子形成最适温度。所有物种都表明存在交叉感染白菜的潜力，和 A. brasicicola 的一些单倍型先前是从塞尔维亚的辣根中分离出来的，这表明在该地区的多个芸苔属宿主上存在一种持久的链格孢菌种群。本报告描述了对链格孢属的首次详细研究。在塞尔维亚的油菜籽中。

更新日期：2020-03-24

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