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A long-lived stop with freeze-in and freeze-out dark matter in the hidden sector
Journal of High Energy Physics ( IF 5.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-01 , DOI: 10.1007/jhep02(2020)118
Amin Aboubrahim , Wan-Zhe Feng , Pran Nath

In extended supersymmetric models with a hidden sector the lightest R -parity odd particle can reside in the hidden sector and act as dark matter. We consider the case when the hidden sector has ultraweak interactions with the visible sector. An interesting phenomenon arises if the LSP of the visible sector is charged in which case it will decay to the hidden sector dark matter. Due to the ultraweak interactions, the LSP of the visible sector will be long-lived decaying outside the detector after leaving a track inside. We investigate this possibility in the framework of a U(1) X -extended MSSM/SUGRA model with a small gauge kinetic mixing and mass mixing between the U(1) X and U(1) Y where U(1) Y is the gauge group of the hypercharge. Specifically we investigate the case when the LSP of MSSM is a stop which decays into the hidden sector dark matter and has a lifetime long enough to traverse the LHC detector without decay. It is shown that such a particle can be detected at the HL-LHC and HE-LHC as an R -hadron which will look like a slow moving muon with a large transverse momentum p T and so can be detected by the track it leaves in the inner tracker and in the muon spectrometer. Further, due to the ultraweak couplings between the hidden sector and the MSSM fields, the dark matter particle has a relic density arising from a combination of the freeze-out and freeze-in mechanisms. It is found that even for the ultraweak or feeble interactions the freeze-out contribution relative to freeze-in contribution to the relic density is substantial to dominant, varying between 30% to 74% for the model points considered. It is subdominant to freeze-in for relatively small stop masses with relatively larger stop annihilation cross-sections and the dominant contribution to the relic density for relatively large stop masses and relatively smaller stop annihilation cross-sections. Our analysis shows that the freeze-out contribution must be included for any realistic analysis even for dark matter particles with ultraweak or feeble interactions with the visible sector. A discovery of a long-lived stop as the lightest particle of the MSSM may point to the nature of dark matter and its production mechanism in the early universe.

中文翻译:

暗物质在隐藏扇区中冻结和冻结的长期停留

在具有隐藏扇区的扩展超对称模型中,最轻的 R 奇偶校验粒子可以驻留在隐藏扇区中并充当暗物质。我们考虑隐藏扇区与可见扇区具有超弱交互的情况。如果可见扇区的 LSP 被充电,则会出现一个有趣的现象,在这种情况下,它会衰减为隐藏扇区的暗物质。由于超弱相互作用,可见扇区的 LSP 将在探测器外部留下轨迹后长期衰减。我们在 U(1) X 扩展 MSSM/SUGRA 模型的框架内研究这种可能性,其中 U(1) X 和 U(1) Y 之间具有小规格动力学混合和质量混合,其中 U(1) Y 是超荷的规范群。具体来说,我们研究了 MSSM 的 LSP 是一个衰减到隐藏扇区暗物质中的停止点并且具有足够长的寿命以穿越 LHC 探测器而不衰减的情况。结果表明,这种粒子可以在 HL-LHC 和 HE-LHC 上作为 R 强子被探测到,它看起来像一个缓慢移动的 μ 子,具有很大的横向动量 p T,因此可以通过它留下的轨迹探测到内部跟踪器和μ子光谱仪。此外,由于隐藏扇区和 MSSM 场之间的超弱耦合,暗物质粒子具有由冻结和冻结机制组合产生的残余密度。发现即使对于超弱或微弱的相互作用,相对于冻结贡献对遗迹密度的贡献,冻结贡献是显着的,甚至是主导的,对于所考虑的模型点,在 30% 到 74% 之间变化。对于相对较大的停止块湮没截面相对较小的停止块,冻结是次要的,而对于较大停止块和相对较小的停止湮没截面,对遗迹密度的贡献占主导地位。我们的分析表明,即使对于与可见扇区具有超弱或微弱相互作用的暗物质粒子,任何实际分析都必须包括冻结贡献。发现作为 MSSM 最轻粒子的长寿命停止点可能表明暗物质的性质及其在早期宇宙中的产生机制。对于相对较大的停止块湮没截面相对较小的停止块,冻结是次要的,而对于较大停止块和相对较小的停止湮没截面,对遗迹密度的贡献占主导地位。我们的分析表明,即使对于与可见扇区具有超弱或微弱相互作用的暗物质粒子,任何实际分析都必须包括冻结贡献。发现作为 MSSM 最轻粒子的长寿命停止点可能表明暗物质的性质及其在早期宇宙中的产生机制。对于相对较大的停止块湮没截面相对较小的停止块,冻结是次要的,而对于较大停止块和相对较小的停止湮没截面,对遗迹密度的贡献占主导地位。我们的分析表明,即使对于与可见扇区具有超弱或微弱相互作用的暗物质粒子,任何实际分析都必须包括冻结贡献。发现作为 MSSM 最轻粒子的长寿命停止点可能表明暗物质的性质及其在早期宇宙中的产生机制。我们的分析表明,即使对于与可见扇区具有超弱或微弱相互作用的暗物质粒子,任何实际分析都必须包括冻结贡献。发现作为 MSSM 最轻粒子的长寿命停止点可能表明暗物质的性质及其在早期宇宙中的产生机制。我们的分析表明,即使对于与可见扇区具有超弱或微弱相互作用的暗物质粒子,任何实际分析都必须包括冻结贡献。发现作为 MSSM 最轻粒子的长寿命停止点可能表明暗物质的性质及其在早期宇宙中的产生机制。
更新日期:2020-02-01
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