Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) produced by the microorganisms provides protection and stability to them when they are encased within biofilms. Heterogeneous polysaccharides form a major constituent of the EPS and are crucial for the formation and integrity of the biofilms/slime. Thus, breakdown of polysaccharides might help in dispersion of biofilms from abiotic surfaces. In the present study we isolated a fungus, Aspergillus niger APS, capable of concurrently producing a cocktail of carbohydrases and optimized the conditions for higher yields of all the enzymes by one variable at a time (OVAT) approach. The optimization studies resulted in 1.5 to 12 fold augmentation in the enzyme yields using biodegradable waste. Further, keeping in view the heterogeneous nature of polysaccharides in biofilm matrix, the in-house produced enzyme cocktail was used for the dispersal of biofilms formed by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Treatment with enzyme preparation caused 90.23 ± 4.0, 82.64 ± 5.0 and 76.32 ± 5.0% reduction of the biofilms formed by these organisms respectively which was also evidenced by Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealing the loss of biofilm architecture. Interestingly, the enzyme cocktail could also remove viscous slime formed under natural conditions in the kitchen drainage pipe (KDP). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on biotreatment of abiotic surfaces for removal of biofilms/slime formed under natural conditions. The study thus indicates the prospects of using multiple carbohydrases as an anti-biofouling agent on abiotic surfaces like equipments as well as implants/prostheses and pipelines.

中文翻译：

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使用生物可降解废物从黑曲霉生产的新型多酶制剂：对抗异质生物膜的可能选择。

当微生物包裹在生物膜中时，它们产生的细胞外聚合物质（EPS）为它们提供保护和稳定性。异质多糖形成EPS的主要成分，对于生物膜/粘液的形成和完整性至关重要。因此，多糖的分解可能有助于从非生物表面分散生物膜。在本研究中，我们分离了一种真菌，即黑曲霉APS，它能够同时产生碳水化合物酶混合物，并通过一次一次可变（OVAT）方法优化了所有酶的更高产率的条件。优化研究使用可生物降解的废物使酶的产量提高了1.5到12倍。此外，考虑到生物膜基质中多糖的异质性，内部生产的酶混合物用于分散由肠炎沙门氏菌，鼠伤寒沙门氏菌，大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌形成的生物膜。酶制剂处理分别降低了由这些生物形成的生物膜的90.23±4.0、82.64±5.0和76.32±5.0％，这也由场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）证实，揭示了生物膜结构的丧失。有趣的是，该酶混合物还可以去除自然条件下在厨房排水管（KDP）中形成的粘泥。据我们所知，这是关于生物处理非生物表面以去除在自然条件下形成的生物膜/粘液的第一份报告。