Vacuoles are the largest membrane-bounded organelles and have essential roles in plant growth and development, but several important questions on the biogenesis and dynamics of lytic vacuoles (LVs) remain. Here, we summarize and discuss recent research and models of vacuole formation, and propose, with testable hypotheses, that besides inherited vacuoles, plant cells can also synthesize LVs de novo from multiple organelles and routes in response to growth and development or external factors. Therefore, LVs may be further classified into different subgroups and/or populations with different pH, cargos, and functions, among which multivesicular body (MVB)-derived small vacuoles are the main source for central vacuole formation in arabidopsis root cortical cells.

液泡是最大的膜结合细胞器，在植物的生长和发育中起着至关重要的作用，但是关于溶解液泡（LV）的生物发生和动力学的几个重要问题仍然存在。在这里，我们总结和讨论最近的研究和空泡形成的模型，并提出，与可检验的假设，即除了继承空泡，植物细胞还可以合成的LV从头从多个细胞器和路线响应生长发育或外部因素。因此，LVs可以进一步分为不同的亚组和/或具有不同的pH，货物和功能的种群，其中多囊泡体（MVB）衍生的小液泡是拟南芥根皮层细胞中中央液泡形成的主要来源。