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Closing yield gaps in oil palm production systems in Ghana through Best Management Practices
European Journal of Agronomy ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.eja.2020.126011
Tiemen Rhebergen , Shamie Zingore , Ken E. Giller , Charles Adu Frimpong , Kwame Acheampong , Francis Tetteh Ohipeni , Edward Kofi Panyin , Victor Zutah , Thomas Fairhurst

The area under oil palm in Ghana has expanded but average fruit bunch yields remained low, resulting in large yield gaps. This study assessed the potential for increasing yield with 'Best Management Practices (BMP)' on plantations and smallholder farms in southern Ghana, compared with current standard practices, i.e. reference (REF) yield. We evaluated short-term (≤1 year) yield increases with 'yield taking' (improved crop recovery), and long-term increases (>1 year) with 'yield making' (better agronomy) practices and identified the factors that contributed most to yield improvements. Average fruit bunch yield increases with BMP were 2.1 t ha−1 (+19%) and 4.7 t ha−1 (+89%) with yield taking and 4.7 t ha−1 (+36%) and 7.6 t ha−1 (+76%) with yield making at plantations and smallholder farms respectively. Short-term yield improvements were achieved with more frequent harvesting events and improved field access, which can help finance inputs needed for the yield making phase. Our analysis suggests more balanced palm nutrition could contribute considerably to yield making, particularly on smallholder farms. Improved fertilizer recommendations are therefore essential for sustainable oil palm production in Ghana. Increasing yields to 21.0 t ha−1 on land already planted to oil palm, can increase national fruit bunch production from 2.5 Mt to 6.9 Mt, sparing 600,000 ha of land. However, labour constraints on plantations and lack of access to credit and agricultural inputs on smallholder farms are major hurdles that need to be overcome to increase production.

中文翻译:

通过最佳管理实践缩小加纳油棕生产系统的产量差距

加纳油棕种植面积有所扩大,但平均果串产量仍然很低,导致产量差距较大。本研究评估了在加纳南部的种植园和小农农场使用“最佳管理实践 (BMP)”提高产量的潜力,并与当前的标准实践(即参考 (REF) 产量)进行比较。我们评估了“增产”(提高作物恢复)的短期(≤ 1 年)产量增加​​和“增产”(更好的农学)实践的长期增产(> 1 年),并确定了贡献最大的因素以产生改进。BMP 的平均果串产量增加分别为 2.1 t ha-1 (+19%) 和 4.7 t ha-1 (+89%) 以及 4.7 t ha-1 (+36%) 和 7.6 t ha-1 ( +76%) 分别在种植园和小农农场进行增产。通过更频繁的收获活动和改善田间准入,实现了短期产量的提高,这有助于为产量创造阶段所需的投入提供资金。我们的分析表明,更均衡的棕榈营养可以极大地促进产量,特别是在小农农场。因此,改进肥料推荐对于加纳的可持续油棕生产至关重要。将已种植油棕的土地的产量提高到 21.0 t ha−1,可以将全国果串产量从 2.5 公吨增加到 6.9 公吨,节省 600,000 公顷土地。然而,种植园的劳动力限制以及小农无法获得信贷和农业投入是提高产量需要克服的主要障碍。这可以帮助为收益创造阶段所需的资金投入。我们的分析表明,更均衡的棕榈营养可以极大地促进产量,特别是在小农农场。因此,改进肥料建议对于加纳的可持续油棕生产至关重要。将已种植油棕的土地的产量提高到 21.0 t ha−1,可以将全国果串产量从 2.5 公吨增加到 6.9 公吨,节省 600,000 公顷土地。然而,种植园的劳动力限制以及小农无法获得信贷和农业投入是提高产量需要克服的主要障碍。这可以帮助为收益创造阶段所需的资金投入。我们的分析表明,更均衡的棕榈营养可以极大地促进产量,特别是在小农农场。因此,改进肥料推荐对于加纳的可持续油棕生产至关重要。将已种植油棕的土地的产量提高到 21.0 t ha−1,可以将全国果串产量从 2.5 公吨增加到 6.9 公吨,节省 600,000 公顷土地。然而,种植园的劳动力限制以及小农无法获得信贷和农业投入是提高产量需要克服的主要障碍。因此,改进肥料推荐对于加纳的可持续油棕生产至关重要。将已种植油棕的土地的产量提高到 21.0 t ha−1,可以将全国果串产量从 2.5 公吨增加到 6.9 公吨,节省 600,000 公顷土地。然而,种植园的劳动力限制以及小农无法获得信贷和农业投入是提高产量需要克服的主要障碍。因此,改进肥料推荐对于加纳的可持续油棕生产至关重要。将已种植油棕的土地的产量提高到 21.0 t ha−1,可以将全国果串产量从 2.5 公吨增加到 6.9 公吨,节省 600,000 公顷土地。然而,种植园的劳动力限制以及小农无法获得信贷和农业投入是提高产量需要克服的主要障碍。
更新日期:2020-04-01
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