In this article we address the environmental assessment of the coprocessing of biomass‐based feedstock in crude oil refineries. In particular, we consider the coprocessing of bio‐oil (from the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass) in fluid catalytic cracking and hydrocracking units, and the cogasification of pyrolysis char (coproduced with bio‐oil) with coke. In addition to a conventional fossil‐based refinery used as the base case, we simulate three alternative case studies including different biofeedstock coprocessing layouts based on original models validated against experimental data. We use process simulation as a primary source of data for the life‐cycle assessment (LCA) of each case study. The LCA results show that the system's carbon footprint per energy output is improved when including biofeedstock coprocessing, favoring the study with the highest biofeedstock use. However, the results for other life‐cycle indicators such as the abiotic depletion of elements and eutrophication lead to unfavorable results for biofeedstock coprocessing, which is mainly due to the increased use of catalysts and the need for fertilizers. Hence, the suitability of a specific coprocessing layout will be ultimately conditioned by the performance indicators prioritized by the actors involved in the decision‐making process. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

中文翻译：

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常规炼油厂中生物油和焦炭使用的建模，仿真和生命周期评估

在本文中，我们讨论了原油精炼厂中基于生物质的原料共处理的环境评估。特别是，我们考虑在流化催化裂化和加氢裂化装置中对生物油（来自木质纤维素生物质的热解）进行共处理，以及热解焦炭（与生物油共同生产）与焦炭的共气化。除了将传统的基于化石的炼油厂用作基础案例外，我们还基于针对实验数据进行验证的原始模型，模拟了三个替代案例研究，包括不同的生物原料协同处理布局。我们将过程仿真用作每个案例研究的生命周期评估（LCA）的主要数据来源。LCA结果表明，包括生物原料协同处理时，系统每单位能量输出的碳足迹得到改善，以最高的生物原料使用量来支持这项研究。但是，其他生命周期指标的结果（例如非生物元素的消耗和富营养化）导致生物原料共处理的不利结果，这主要是由于催化剂使用量的增加和对肥料的需求。因此，特定协同处理布局的适用性最终将取决于参与决策过程的参与者优先考虑的绩效指标。©2019年化学工业协会和John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd 特定协同处理布局的适用性最终将取决于参与决策过程的参与者优先考虑的绩效指标。©2019年化学工业协会和John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd 特定协同处理布局的适用性最终将取决于参与决策过程的参与者优先考虑的绩效指标。©2019年化学工业协会和John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd