With the rapid advancement of phasor measurement units (PMUs) technology, system operators in different level of power systems have access to new and abundant measurements. Taking into account these measurements in active distribution systems (ADNs), a new algorithm for short-circuit fault detection and identification based on state estimation (SE) is introduced in this paper. In this regard, as the first step, traditional SE process is revised to be compatible with fault conditions. Then, a fault location algorithm (FLA) based on the revised SE (RDSSE) is presented which attends to detect the location of fault after diagnosing faulted zone. For this purpose, current and voltage synchrophasors captured by PMUs as well as pre-fault SE results are used and according to calculated measurement residual indexes, the correct location of fault is diagnosed. The performance of RDSSE and SE based fault location method are tested by applying on an ADN, considering different fault scenarios in the network. The results proved that the proposed method is more accurate and reliable than traditional SE based methods in fault conditions and can precisely determine the real location of fault at lower SE execution times.

中文翻译：

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基于PMU的状态估计在有源配电网中短路故障的位置检测

随着相量测量单元（PMU）技术的飞速发展，电力系统不同级别的系统运营商可以使用新的丰富的测量方法。考虑到有源配电系统（ADN）中的这些测量，本文介绍了一种基于状态估计（SE）的短路故障检测和识别新算法。在这方面，第一步是对传统的SE过程进行修订，使其与故障条件兼容。然后，提出了一种基于修正后的SE（RDSSE）的故障定位算法（FLA），该算法可在诊断出故障区域后参与检测故障的位置。为此，使用了PMU捕获的电流和电压同步相量以及故障前SE结果，并根据计算出的测量残差指标，诊断出故障的正确位置。考虑到网络中的不同故障情况，通过在ADN上进行应用来测试基于RDSSE和SE的故障定位方法的性能。结果证明，该方法在故障条件下比传统的基于SE的方法更准确，更可靠，并且可以在较短的SE执行时间下准确确定故障的实际位置。