Abstract Catalytic and non-catalytic pyrolysis of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae was studied and the temperature, as the primary variable, was assessed to optimize the process. By changing the temperature from 450–850 °C, the highest performance of 58.51 % was achieved in terms of energy recovery (ER) at the optimal temperature of 650 °C. Although known as a useless pyrolysis by-product, the remaining biochar was used as catalyst support to further improve the process efficiency. For this purpose, iron in various concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 wt% was used to impregnate the pristine and KOH-activated biochar. Due to the unique chemical and morphological characteristics of activated carbon, the metallic active sites were loaded more successfully. All catalysts were precisely examined via FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, BET and ICP-OES. Moreover, elemental analysis, GC, GC–MS, and TGA methods were used to investigate the bio-products characterization. Accordingly, in catalytic experiments, the energy recovery factor of biochar based catalyst (CBC), and activated biochar based catalyst (CAC) was increased from 58.51 % (optimum ER in non-catalytic) to 64.46 % and 71.58 %, respectively.

中文翻译：

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普通小球藻在其生物炭和活化的生物炭负载 Fe 催化剂上的催化热解和生物产品升级

摘要 研究了普通小球藻微藻的催化和非催化热解，并以温度为主要变量进行了评估以优化该过程。通过将温度从 450-850 °C 改变，在 650 °C 的最佳温度下，在能量回收 (ER) 方面实现了 58.51% 的最高性能。虽然被称为无用的热解副产品，但剩余的生物炭用作催化剂载体以进一步提高工艺效率。为此，使用 2.5、5.0 和 10.0 wt% 的各种浓度的铁来浸渍原始和 KOH 活化的生物炭。由于活性炭独特的化学和形态特征，金属活性位点的负载更加成功。所有催化剂均通过 FT-IR、XRD、FESEM、BET 和 ICP-OES 进行精确检测。而且，元素分析、GC、GC-MS 和 TGA 方法用于研究生物产品的表征。因此，在催化实验中，生物炭基催化剂 (CBC) 和活性生物炭基催化剂 (CAC) 的能量回收率分别从 58.51%（非催化中的最佳 ER）增加到 64.46% 和 71.58%。