Primary peritoneal serous borderline tumors (PPSBT) are rare neoplasms that can present as an incidental finding at laparoscopy and raise concern regarding a primary ovarian tumor with peritoneal implants. The aim is to present an overview of all reported cases of PPSBT, including a case from our own department, with a focus on clinical presentation, diagnosis, therapeutic options, and prognosis. A search for articles containing various terminologies describing PPSBT was performed via PubMed. We included English and French language publications from 1966 to May 2019. All identified manuscripts (N = 15) were reviewed completely. To date, 229 cases of PPSBT have been reported in literature. Most patients present with infertility or abdominal pain. Diagnosis is based on histopathology since appropriate imaging or specific tumor markers are lacking. The main therapy applied in the majority of cases was simple (74 cases, 32.3%) or extended (136 cases, 59.4%) resection. Prognosis seems good, independent of the extent of surgery, with recurrence rates below 25%, and follow-up periods from 5 months to > 30 years. PPSBT is a rare condition, often found in women of reproductive age with a history of infertility or abdominal pain. In most cases, the diagnosis is established incidentally during laparoscopy or laparotomy followed by histopathology. Considering the good prognosis even with incomplete resection, limited surgery to retain fertility might be good initial options. Since the course of the disease can comprise decades, a long-term follow-up is crucial.

中文翻译：

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原发性腹膜浆液性边界肿瘤作为治疗挑战：文献的系统评价。

原发性腹膜浆液性交界性肿瘤（PPSBT）是罕见的肿瘤，可在腹腔镜检查时作为偶然发现，并引起人们对腹膜植入物原发性卵巢肿瘤的关注。目的是概述所有报告的PPSBT病例，包括我们自己部门的病例，重点是临床表现，诊断，治疗选择和预后。通过PubMed对包含描述PPSBT各种术语的文章进行了搜索。我们收录了1966年至2019年5月的英语和法语出版物。所有已识别的手稿（N = 15）进行了全面审查。迄今为止，已有文献报道了229例PPSBT。大多数患者出现不育或腹痛。由于缺乏适当的成像或特定的肿瘤标志物，因此诊断是基于组织病理学。大多数病例采用的主要疗法是简单切除（74例，32.3％）或扩大切除（136例，59.4％）。预后似乎良好，与手术程度无关，复发率低于25％，随访时间为5个月至> 30年。PPSBT是一种罕见病，通常在具有生育能力或腹痛史的育龄妇女中发现。在大多数情况下，诊断是在腹腔镜检查或剖腹手术后再进行组织病理学过程中确定的。考虑到即使不完全切除也预后良好，保留生育力的有限手术可能是不错的初始选择。由于该疾病的病程可能长达数十年，因此长期随访至关重要。