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Altering the Neisseria gonorrhoeae pilE Guanine Quadruplex Loop Bases Affects Pilin Antigenic Variation.
Biochemistry ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-27 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b01038
Lauren L Prister 1 , Shaohui Yin 1 , Laty A Cahoon 1 , H Steven Seifert 1
Affiliation  

Neisseria gonorrhoeae possesses a programmed recombination system that allows the bacteria to alter the major subunit of the type IV pilus, pilin or PilE. An alternate DNA structure known as a guanine quadruplex (G4) is required for pilin antigenic variation (pilin Av). The G-C base pairs within the G4 motif are required for pilin Av, but simple mutation of the loop bases does not affect pilin Av. We show that more substantial changes to the loops, in both size and nucleotide composition, with the core guanines unchanged, decrease or abrogate pilin Av. We investigated why these loop changes might influence the efficiency of pilin Av. RecA is a recombinase required for pilin Av that can bind the pilE G4 in vitro. RecA binds different G4 structures with altered loops with varied affinities. However, changes in RecA binding affinities to the loop mutants do not absolutely correlate with the pilin Av phenotypes. Interestingly, the yeast RecA ortholog, Rad51, also binds the pilE G4 structure with a higher affinity than it binds single-stranded DNA, suggesting that RecA G4 binding is conserved in eukaryotic orthologs. The thermal stability the pilE G4 structure and its loop mutants showed that the parental G4 structure had the highest melting temperature, and the melting temperature of the loop mutants correlated with pilin Av phenotype. These results suggest that the folding kinetics and stability of G4 structures are important for the efficiency of pilin Av.

中文翻译:

改变淋病奈瑟氏球菌鸟嘌呤四聚体环碱基影响皮林抗原变异。

淋病奈瑟氏球菌具有程序重组系统,该系统可使细菌改变IV型菌毛,菌毛或PilE的主要亚基。菌毛蛋白抗原变异(菌毛蛋白Av)需要一种称为鸟嘌呤四链体(G4)的替代DNA结构。G4基序内的GC碱基对是pilin Av所必需的,但是环碱基的简单突变不会影响pilin Av。我们显示,在大小和核苷酸组成方面,环的更实质性变化与核心鸟嘌呤不变,减少或废除菌毛蛋白Av。我们调查了为什么这些环路变化可能会影响菌毛蛋白Av的效率。RecA是菌毛蛋白Av所需的重组酶,可在体外结合pilE G4。RecA通过变化的环以不同的亲和力结合不同的G4结构。然而,RecA绑定亲和力突变体的变化并不绝对与菌毛Av表型相关。有趣的是,酵母RecA直向同源物Rad51也以比其结合单链DNA更高的亲和力结合pilE G4结构,这表明RecA G4结合在真核直向同源物中是保守的。pilE G4结构及其环突变体的热稳定性表明,亲本G4结构具有最高的解链温度,且环突变体的解链温度与pilin Av表型相关。这些结果表明,G4结构的折叠动力学和稳定性对于pilin Av的效率很重要。此外,它与pilE G4结构的结合比与单链DNA的结合具有更高的亲和力,这表明RecA G4结合在真核直向同源物中是保守的。pilE G4结构及其环突变体的热稳定性表明,亲本G4结构具有最高的解链温度,且环突变体的解链温度与pilin Av表型相关。这些结果表明,G4结构的折叠动力学和稳定性对于pilin Av的效率很重要。此外,它与pilE G4结构的结合比与单链DNA的结合具有更高的亲和力,这表明RecA G4结合在真核直向同源物中是保守的。pilE G4结构及其环突变体的热稳定性表明,亲本G4结构具有最高的解链温度,且环突变体的解链温度与pilin Av表型相关。这些结果表明,G4结构的折叠动力学和稳定性对于pilin Av的效率很重要。
更新日期:2020-02-28
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