Abstract This article provides a comprehensive review of the spray combustion of fast pyrolysis bio-oil (FPBO, also called bio-oil, pyrolysis oil or pyrolysis liquid biofuel), which is widely regarded as one of the most economically feasible renewable resources to facilitate the replacement of fossil oils. The utilization of FPBO as a fuel is challenging due to its unique atomization and combustion characteristics but it is important given the need to develop a more sustainable energy infrastructure. Significant efforts have been made in utilizing FPBO as a practical alternative fuel and the first FPBO facilities for heat and/or power generation have been brought online in recent years. FPBO-fueled burners, boilers, and furnaces are ready from a technical perspective for large-scale industrial use, and even small-scale systems show excellent flame stability, low emissions, and minimal requirements for secondary fuel usage. FPBO applications in gas turbine and compression-ignition engines are technically more challenging, currently having had only limited successes in larger-scale units and for short time intervals in smaller ones. With recent research and technological advances, however, FPBO use in small-scale combustion engines appears to be technically feasible. In the literature, extensive research efforts have been dedicated to this topic either as a fuel itself or its utilization for practical applications. Nonetheless, inadequate considerations have been given to the critical role of FPBO atomization and its subsequent fuel/air mixing, which in turn controls the combustion efficiency and emission characteristics of a system. Understanding the spray combustion properties of FPBO is especially important because of the fuel's unfavorable properties compared to fossil oils including low energy density, high viscosity, high water content, containing suspended solid particulates and non-volatile residue, chemical instability, and an incompatibility with conventional fossil oils. The information presented herein, therefore, focuses on understanding the challenges and constraints that are unique to FPBO applications, along with proposing several strategies to properly atomize and combust this fuel in order to enhance combustion efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions in practical systems. Although substantial progress has been made in understanding the FPBO spray combustion as revealed by this review, better standardization of FPBO properties, more efficient techniques for optimizing atomization and combustion for different applications, and more studies to understand the long-term reliability of devices running on FPBO are needed.

中文翻译：

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快速热解生物油的喷雾燃烧：应用、挑战和潜在解决方案

摘要 本文全面回顾了快速热解生物油（FPBO，也称为生物油、热解油或热解液体生物燃料）的喷雾燃烧，它被广泛认为是最经济可行的可再生资源之一，以促进替代矿物油。由于其独特的雾化和燃烧特性，FPBO 作为燃料的利用具有挑战性，但鉴于需要开发更可持续的能源基础设施，这一点很重要。在利用 FPBO 作为实用的替代燃料方面做出了重大努力，并且近年来第一批用于供热和/或发电的 FPBO 设施已经上线。以 FPBO 为燃料的燃烧器、锅炉和熔炉从技术角度准备好用于大规模工业用途，甚至小型系统都表现出出色的火焰稳定性、低排放和对二次燃料使用的最低要求。FPBO 在燃气轮机和压燃式发动机中的应用在技术上更具挑战性，目前在大型机组中取得的成功有限，在小型机组中的时间间隔很短。然而，随着最近的研究和技术进步，在小型内燃机中使用 FPBO 在技术上似乎是可行的。在文献中，广泛的研究工作致力于作为燃料本身或其在实际应用中的利用这一主题。尽管如此，对 FPBO 雾化及其随后的燃料/空气混合的关键作用没有给予足够的考虑，这反过来又控制了系统的燃烧效率和排放特性。了解 FPBO 的喷雾燃烧特性尤为重要，因为与化石油相比，该燃料的不利特性包括能量密度低、粘度高、含水量高、含有悬浮固体颗粒和非挥发性残留物、化学不稳定性以及与常规燃料不兼容。化石油。因此，本文提供的信息侧重于了解 FPBO 应用所特有的挑战和限制，同时提出几种策略来适当地雾化和燃烧这种燃料，以提高燃烧效率并减少实际系统中的污染物排放。尽管本综述揭示了在理解 FPBO 喷雾燃烧方面取得了实质性进展，但更好地标准化了 FPBO 特性，