Abstract Knowledge of bulk handling properties of food powders is essential in the design of industrial equipment and selection of appropriate powder handling operations. The objectives of this study were to determine the physical and flow properties of plant-based regular and protein-rich flours to establish relationships between powder physical and bulk handling properties as influenced by protein enrichment. A number of physical properties (bulk density, flowability, wall friction and compressibility) were assessed for 11 regular- and protein-rich flours from pseudocereals (amaranth, buckwheat, quinoa) and cereals (rice and maize). Relevant physicochemical properties such as particle size distribution, microstructure and water sorption behaviour were also studied. The protein-rich pseudocereal flours had irregular-shaped, rough surfaces with mean particle diameters ranging from 96.5 to 215 μm. The compressibility indices (42.6–51.4%) were higher for the former compared to the regular protein content powders and they displayed lesser tendency to uptake water with increasing relative humidity. Analysis of the flow behaviour showed the protein-rich flours to be more cohesive with higher wall friction angle values than the regular protein content powders. The new information obtained in this study is critical in optimising the processing, stability and applications of these value-added high-protein pseudocereal ingredient powders.

中文翻译：

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基于伪谷物的富含蛋白质的成分粉末的物理和流动特性

摘要 食品粉末散装处理特性的知识对于工业设备的设计和选择合适的粉末处理操作至关重要。本研究的目的是确定基于植物的普通面粉和富含蛋白质的面粉的物理和流动特性，以建立受蛋白质富集影响的粉末物理和散装处理特性之间的关系。对来自假谷物（苋菜、荞麦、藜麦）和谷物（大米和玉米）的 11 种普通面粉和富含蛋白质的面粉的许多物理特性（堆积密度、流动性、壁摩擦力和可压缩性）进行了评估。还研究了相关的物理化学性质，例如粒度分布、微观结构和吸水行为。富含蛋白质的假谷物面粉具有不规则形状，平均粒径范围为 96.5 至 215 μm 的粗糙表面。与常规蛋白质含量粉末相比，前者的可压缩性指数 (42.6–51.4%) 更高，并且随着相对湿度的增加，它们吸水的趋势更小。流动行为分析表明，与常规蛋白质含量粉末相比，富含蛋白质的面粉具有更高的内聚力和更高的壁摩擦角值。本研究中获得的新信息对于优化这些高附加值的高蛋白假谷物成分粉末的加工、稳定性和应用至关重要。4%) 与常规蛋白质含量粉末相比，前者更高，并且随着相对湿度的增加，它们吸收水分的趋势更小。流动行为分析表明，与常规蛋白质含量粉末相比，富含蛋白质的面粉具有更高的内聚力和更高的壁摩擦角值。本研究中获得的新信息对于优化这些高附加值的高蛋白假谷物成分粉末的加工、稳定性和应用至关重要。4%) 与常规蛋白质含量粉末相比，前者更高，并且随着相对湿度的增加，它们吸收水分的趋势更小。流动行为分析表明，与常规蛋白质含量粉末相比，富含蛋白质的面粉具有更高的内聚力和更高的壁摩擦角值。本研究中获得的新信息对于优化这些高附加值的高蛋白假谷物成分粉末的加工、稳定性和应用至关重要。