Studies have documented the predictive utility of an integrative analysis of ability influence on effort and cardiovascular response. An assumption is that influence is driven by perception. We evaluated this altering ability perception through negative (nocebo) or positive (placebo) suggestion. Participants ingested a pill having been told it would reduce or enhance cognitive clarity. They then were presented a math task with the chance to earn an incentive if they met a low- or high performance standard. Analyses indicated higher reports of clarity during work among participants provided positive clarity instructions and a crossover clarity instruction x performance standard interaction for heart rate response. Responses were stronger for positive instruction participants when the standard was high, but stronger for negative instruction participants when it was low. Findings provide distinctive support for the assumption and suggest a fresh strategy for evaluating the impact of nocebo/placebo and other interventions on subjective experience.

中文翻译：

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能力对努力和相关心血管反应的影响：知觉是关键的 Nocebo-Placebo 证据

研究记录了能力对努力和心血管反应的影响的综合分析的预测效用。一个假设是影响力是由感知驱动的。我们通过消极（反安慰剂）或积极（安慰剂）建议评估了这种改变能力的感知。参与者服用了一种被告知会降低或增强认知清晰度的药丸。然后，他们被提交了一项数学任务，如果他们达到低或高的表现标准，就有机会获得奖励。分析表明，参与者在工作期间更高的清晰度报告提供了积极的清晰度说明和交叉清晰度说明 x 心率响应的性能标准交互。当标准高时，积极指导参与者的反应更强，但当它较低时，对于负面指令参与者来说更强。研究结果为这一假设提供了独特的支持，并提出了一种评估反安慰剂/安慰剂和其他干预措施对主观体验的影响的新策略。