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WAPL-Dependent Repair of Damaged DNA Replication Forks Underlies Oncogene-Induced Loss of Sister Chromatid Cohesion.
Developmental Cell ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.01.024
Bente Benedict 1 , Janne J M van Schie 2 , Anneke B Oostra 2 , Jesper A Balk 2 , Rob M F Wolthuis 2 , Hein Te Riele 1 , Job de Lange 2
Affiliation  

Premature loss of sister chromatid cohesion at metaphase is a diagnostic marker for different cohesinopathies. Here, we report that metaphase spreads of many cancer cell lines also show premature loss of sister chromatid cohesion. Cohesion loss occurs independently of mutations in cohesion factors including SA2, a cohesin subunit frequently inactivated in cancer. In untransformed cells, induction of DNA replication stress by activation of oncogenes or inhibition of DNA replication is sufficient to trigger sister chromatid cohesion loss. Importantly, cell growth under conditions of replication stress requires the cohesin remover WAPL. WAPL promotes rapid RAD51-dependent repair and restart of broken replication forks. We propose that active removal of cohesin allows cancer cells to overcome DNA replication stress. This leads to oncogene-induced cohesion loss from newly synthesized sister chromatids that may contribute to genomic instability and likely represents a targetable cancer cell vulnerability.

中文翻译:


受损 DNA 复制叉的 WAPL 依赖性修复是癌基因诱导的姐妹染色单体凝聚力丧失的基础。



中期姐妹染色单体凝聚力的过早丧失是不同凝聚力病的诊断标志。在这里,我们报告许多癌细胞系的中期扩散也显示姐妹染色单体凝聚力的过早丧失。内聚力丧失的发生与内聚因子的突变无关,包括 SA2,一种在癌症中经常失活的粘合素亚基。在未转化的细胞中,通过激活癌基因或抑制 DNA 复制而诱导 DNA 复制应激足以引发姐妹染色单体内聚力丧失。重要的是,复制应激条件下的细胞生长需要粘连蛋白去除剂 WAPL。 WAPL 促进快速依赖 RAD51 的修复和重新启动损坏的复制叉。我们提出,主动去除粘连蛋白可以使癌细胞克服 DNA 复制压力。这导致癌基因诱导新合成的姐妹染色单体内聚力丧失,这可能导致基因组不稳定,并可能代表可靶向的癌细胞脆弱性。
更新日期:2020-02-20
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