Rationale There is growing evidence that air pollution may contribute to the development of childhood asthma and other allergic diseases. In this follow-up of the Toronto Child Health Evaluation Questionnaire (T-CHEQ) study, we examined associations between early life exposures to air pollution and incidence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema from birth through adolescence. Methods 1286 T-CHEQ participants were followed from birth until outcome (March 31, 2016) or loss to follow-up, with a mean of 17 years of follow-up. Concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3) and particulate matter with a 50% cut-off aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 µm (PM2.5) from January 1, 1999 to December 31, 2012 were assigned to participants based on their postal codes at birth using ground observations, chemical/meteorological models, remote sensing and land-use regression models. Study outcomes included incidence of physician-diagnosed asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios per interquartile range of exposures and outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders. Results Hazard ratios of 1.17 (95% CI 1.05–1.31) for asthma and 1.07 (95% CI 0.99–1.15) for eczema were observed for total oxidants (O3 and NO2) at birth. No significant increase in risk was found for PM2.5. Conclusions Exposures to oxidant air pollutants (O3 and NO2) but not PM2.5 were associated with an increased risk of incident asthma and eczema in children. This suggests that improving air quality may contribute to the prevention of asthma and other allergic disease in childhood and adolescence. This study found that exposure to total oxidants at birth increased the risk of developing asthma by 17% and eczema by 7%. Adverse impacts of exposure to air pollutants, particularly ozone and nitrogen dioxide, may have their origins in early life. http://bit.ly/33PClYN

中文翻译：

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早年暴露于空气污染和儿童哮喘、过敏性鼻炎和湿疹的发病率

基本原理 越来越多的证据表明，空气污染可能会导致儿童哮喘和其他过敏性疾病的发生。在多伦多儿童健康评估问卷 (T-CHEQ) 的这项后续研究中，我们检查了生命早期暴露于空气污染与从出生到青春期的哮喘、过敏性鼻炎和湿疹发病率之间的关联。方法 1286 名 T-CHEQ 参与者从出生到结果（2016 年 3 月 31 日）或失访，平均随访 17 年。1999 年 1 月 1 日至 2012 年 12 月 31 日期间，根据参与者的邮政信箱，将二氧化氮 (NO2)、臭氧 (O3) 和 50% 截止空气动力学直径为 2.5 µm (PM2.5) 的颗粒物浓度分配给参与者出生时使用地面观测、化学/气象模型的代码，遥感和土地利用回归模型。研究结果包括医生诊断的哮喘、过敏性鼻炎和湿疹的发生率。Cox 比例风险回归模型用于估计暴露和结果的每四分位数范围的风险比，调整潜在的混杂因素。结果 出生时观察到的总氧化剂（O3 和 NO2）的风险比为 1.17（95% CI 1.05-1.31）和湿疹的 1.07（95% CI 0.99-1.15）。未发现 PM2.5 的风险显着增加。结论 暴露于氧化性空气污染物（O3 和 NO2）而不是 PM2.5 与儿童发生哮喘和湿疹的风险增加有关。这表明改善空气质量可能有助于预防儿童和青春期的哮喘和其他过敏性疾病。这项研究发现，出生时接触总氧化剂会使患哮喘和湿疹的风险增加 17% 和 7%。暴露于空气污染物（尤其是臭氧和二氧化氮）的不利影响可能起源于早年。http://bit.ly/33PClYN