Abstract

Dichlorotriazinyl phosphonate (DCTP), a formaldehyde-free flame retardant (FR), was steam-cured with triethanol amine (TEA) to impart synergistic flame-retardancy to cotton fabrics. While the DCTP treatment alone showed very limited resistance less than five laundering cycles (LC), TEA addition increased the laundering durability of the FR cotton up to ten LC. More enhanced washing performance up to fifteen LC was observed with epichlorohydrin (ECH) after-treatment. The TEA and ECH extended the washing resistance via nucleophilic substitution and addition reactions of DCTP and cotton respectively producing the densely crosslinked networks of DCTP and cellulose. With increasing molar ratio of TEA to the DCTP up to 0.5, the flame retarding effectivity and the synergistic effectiveness improved up to 3.8 and 2.2 respectively. The pyrolysis and combustion behaviors of the FR-cotton were verified with TGA and micro combustion calorimetry. The FR cotton decomposed at lower maximum pyrolysis and combustion temperatures with decreased peak pyrolysis and heat release rate, yielding higher char contents. The synergistic DCTP and TEA formulation coupled with ECH post-treatment seemed to follow a solid-phase flame-retarding mechanism.

中文翻译：

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磷酸二氯三嗪基酯和三乙醇胺对棉花的协同阻燃整理

摘要

不含甲醛的阻燃剂（FR）二氯三嗪基膦酸酯（DCTP）与三乙醇胺（TEA）进行蒸汽固化，以赋予棉织物协同的阻燃性。虽然仅DCTP处理在少于五个洗涤周期（LC）的情况下显示出非常有限的抗性，但添加TEA可以将FR棉的洗涤耐久性提高到十个LC。使用环氧氯丙烷（ECH）后处理后，观察到的洗涤性能进一步增强，达到15 LC。TEA和ECH通过DCTP和棉的亲核取代和加成反应扩展了耐洗性，分别产生了DCTP和纤维素的致密交联网络。随着TEA与DCTP的摩尔比增加到0.5，阻燃效果和协同效果分别提高到3.8和2.2。用热重分析和微燃烧量热法验证了阻燃棉的热解和燃烧行为。阻燃棉在较低的最高热解和燃烧温度下分解，同时峰值热解和放热速率降低，从而产生较高的炭含量。协同的DCTP和TEA配方以及ECH后处理似乎遵循固相阻燃机制。