Morphological abnormalities of subcortical structures have been consistently reported along the schizophrenia clinical spectrum, and they may play an important role in the pathophysiology of psychosis. However, the question arises whether these subcortical features are consequences of medication and illness chronicity, or if they contribute to the vulnerability to develop schizophrenia spectrum disorders. If some of the subcortical abnormalities could be evidenced in community adolescents expressing higher schizotypal traits (psychometric schizotypy), they could potentially shed light on vulnerability markers. To date, very few studies have examined the link between psychometric schizotypy and volumes of subcortical regions, and none of them have used a longitudinal design. This study sets out to investigate developmental trajectories of subcortical volumes in 110 community adolescents (12 to 20 years old), for whom MRI-scans were acquired over a period of 5 years, reaching a total of 297 scans. Analyses were conducted using Freesurfer, and schizotypal traits were measured with the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). Using mixed model regression analyses following a region-of-interest approach, we observed differential linear developmental trajectories in four subcortical structures when comparing higher versus lower scorers on the disorganized schizotypy dimension (bilateral hippocampus, left-lateral ventricle and left-pallidum) and the negative schizotypy dimension (bilateral pallidum, and right-thalamus). All results survived a threshold of p < .05 (FDR-corrected) while covarying for the effect of other psychological problems (externalized and internalized psychopathology). These results indicate that expression of higher levels of negative and disorganized schizotypy during adolescence was associated with neural markers linking schizotypy personality features to schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

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与青春期维度分裂型表达相关的皮层下结构的发育轨迹

皮层下结构的形态异常在精神分裂症临床谱中一直被报道，它们可能在精神病的病理生理学中起重要作用。然而，问题是这些皮层下特征是否是药物治疗和疾病慢性化的结果，或者它们是否有助于发展为精神分裂症谱系障碍。如果某些皮质下异常可以在表达更高分裂型特征（心理测量分裂型）的社区青少年中得到证实，那么它们可能会揭示脆弱性标记。迄今为止，很少有研究检查过心理测量的分裂型与皮层下区域的体积之间的联系，而且没有一项研究使用了纵向设计。本研究旨在调查 110 名社区青少年（12 至 20 岁）皮层下体积的发育轨迹，他们在 5 年内获得了 MRI 扫描，总共进行了 297 次扫描。使用 Freesurfer 进行分析，并使用分裂型人格问卷 (SPQ) 测量分裂型特征。使用感兴趣区域方法后的混合模型回归分析，当比较无组织的分裂型维度（双侧海马、左侧脑室和左苍白球）的高分和低分者时，我们观察到四个皮层下结构的不同线性发育轨迹。负分裂型维度（双侧苍白球和右丘脑）。所有结果都在 p < 的阈值下幸存下来。05（FDR 校正），同时因其他心理问题（外化和内化的精神病理学）的影响而变化。这些结果表明，在青春期表达更高水平的消极和混乱的分裂型与将分裂型人格特征与精神分裂症谱系障碍联系起来的神经标志物有关。