Renewable porous biochar and 2D MXene have attracted significant attention in high-end electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding fields, due to unique orderly structures and excellent electrical conductivity (σ) value. In this work, the wood-derived porous carbon (WPC) skeleton from natural wood was performed as a template. And excellent conductive and ultra-light 3D MXene aerogel was then constructed to prepare the MXene aerogel/WPC composites, based on highly ordered honeycomb cells inner WPC as a microreactor. Higher carbonization temperature is more conducive to the graphitization degree of natural wood. MXene aerogel/WPC composites achieve the optimal EMI SE value of up to 71.3 dB at density as low as 0.197 g/cm³. Such wall-like “mortar-brick” structures (WPC skeleton as “mortar” and MXene aerogel as “brick”) not only effectively solve the unstable structure problem of MXene aerogel networks, but also greatly prolong the transmission paths of the electromagnetic waves and dissipate the incident electromagnetic waves in the form of heat and electric energy, thereby exhibiting the superior EMI shielding performance. In addition, MXene aerogel/WPC composites also exhibit good anisotropic compressive strength, excellent thermal insulation and flame retardant properties. Such ultra-light, green and efficient multi-functional bio-carbon-based composites have great application potential in the high-end EMI shielding fields of aerospace and national defence industry, etc.

由于独特的有序结构和优异的电导率 (σ) 值，可再生多孔生物炭和 2D MXene 在高端电磁干扰 (EMI) 屏蔽领域引起了广泛关注。在这项工作中，来自天然木材的木材衍生多孔碳 (WPC) 骨架被用作模板。然后构建了优异的导电性和超轻 3D MXene 气凝胶，以制备 MXene 气凝胶 / WPC 复合材料，基于高度有序的蜂窝细胞内部 WPC 作为微反应器。较高的碳化温度更有利于天然木材的石墨化程度。MXene 气凝胶/WPC 复合材料在低至 0.197 g/cm ^{3的密度下实现了高达 71.3 dB 的最佳 EMI SE 值}. 这种类似墙体的“砂浆砖”结构（WPC 骨架为“砂浆”，MXene 气凝胶为“砖”）不仅有效解决了 MXene 气凝胶网络结构不稳定的问题，而且大大延长了电磁波的传输路径，以热能和电能的形式耗散入射的电磁波，从而表现出优越的EMI屏蔽性能。此外，MXene气凝胶/WPC复合材料还表现出良好的各向异性抗压强度、优异的隔热和阻燃性能。这种超轻、绿色、高效的多功能生物碳基复合材料在航空航天、国防工业等高端EMI屏蔽领域具有巨大的应用潜力。