Abstract We report the results of a survey on invasive wild pig (Sus scrofa L.) damage and control in 12 US states (Alabama, Arkansas, California, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, and Texas). The crops chosen for this study represent the “second tier” in terms of economic importance after the six crops that were the subject of Anderson et al. (2016). The survey was distributed by the USDA National Agricultural Statistical Service (NASS) in the summer of 2019 to a sample of producers in each of the states (except California) of the following six crops: hay, pecans (Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K.Koch), melons (cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L. var. cantalupensis), honeydew (Cucumis melo L. (Inodorus Group)), and watermelon (Citrullus Schrad.), sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.), sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.), and cotton (Gossypium L.). In California, where there the crops of economic importance differed from the other states in the study, damages were calculated for producers of hay, almonds (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb), grapes (Vitis vinifera L.), sod, carrots (Daucus L.), lettuce (Lactuca L.), and strawberries (Fragaria L.). In total, 7438 respondents completed the questionnaire. Findings indicate that damage can be substantial. The highest yield loss estimates occurred for hay in Texas. Control efforts were common, but no control method was rated by the majority of producers as very effective. Extrapolating crop damage estimates to the state-level in 12 states with reportable damage yielded an estimated crop loss of $272 million/yr. Though large, this number likely represents only a small fraction of the total damage by wild pigs in these states because it only includes crop damage to six crops. We hope findings from this survey will help guide control efforts and research, as well as serve as a benchmark against which the effectiveness of future control efforts can be measured.

中文翻译：

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美国 12 个州入侵野猪对农作物造成损害的经济估计

摘要 我们报告了美国 12 个州（阿拉巴马州、阿肯色州、加利福尼亚州、佛罗里达州、乔治亚州、路易斯安那州、密西西比州、密苏里州、北卡罗来纳州、俄克拉荷马州、南卡罗来纳州、和德克萨斯）。就经济重要性而言，本研究选择的作物代表了安德森等人研究的六种作物之后的“第二层”。(2016)。该调查由美国农业部国家农业统计局 (NASS) 于 2019 年夏季分发给各州（加利福尼亚州除外）以下六种作物的生产者样本：干草、山核桃（Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K .Koch)、甜瓜 (哈密瓜 (Cucumis melo L. var. cantalupensis)、蜜露 (Cucumis melo L. (Inodorus Group))、西瓜 (Citrullus Schrad.)、甘蔗 (Saccharum officinarum L.)、红薯 (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) 和棉花 (Gossypium L.)。在加利福尼亚州，那里的经济重要性作物与研究中的其他州不同，对干草、杏仁（Prunus dulcis (Mill.) DA Webb）、葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.）、草皮、胡萝卜的生产者的损害进行了计算(Daucus L.)、生菜 (Lactuca L.) 和草莓 (Fragaria L.)。共有 7438 名受访者完成了问卷。调查结果表明，损害可能是巨大的。最高的产量损失估计发生在德克萨斯州的干草上。控制措施很普遍，但大多数生产者认为没有一种控制方法非常有效。将作物损失估计数外推至 12 个州的州级，可报告的损失估计为 2.72 亿美元/年的作物损失。虽大，这个数字可能只占这些州野猪造成的总损失的一小部分，因为它只包括对六种作物的作物损失。我们希望这项调查的结果将有助于指导控制工作和研究，并作为衡量未来控制工作有效性的基准。