Abstract In order to address the need for window coatings that can control room temperature while being self-cleaning, this work examined a dual-functional antimicrobial/thermochromic coating. The goal was addressed by chemically polymerizing the antimicrobial agent, quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) N,N-dimethyl-N-{2-[(2-methylprop-2-enoyl)oxy]ethyl}undecane-1-aminium bromide (dMEMUABr) while using vanadium dioxide (VO2) as the thermochromic agent. The antimicrobial agent dMEMUABr, having an acrylic moiety and a long hydrocarbon tail for enhanced killing, was synthesized and characterized by NMR and FTIR spectroscopies. VO2 nanoparticles were synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by physicochemical analysis including powder XRD, DSC and SEM. Polymer coatings were obtained by polymerizing dMEMUABr with methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer under UV irradiation with the required UV curing time being investigated. Thermochromic performance of dual-functional VO2/poly(MMA-co-dMEMUABr) coating gave an infrared modulation ΔTIR of 5.8 % and luminous transmittance Tlum of 36.1 % at 25 °C. The antimicrobial testing of the dual-functional coating indicated that it could kill 90.3 % of bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) within 24 h at a low dMEMUABr concentration (3.8 wt % relative to MMA). The zone of inhibition test proved the contact kill principle of the coating, without releasing toxic antimicrobial agents to the environment.

中文翻译：

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VO2/Poly(MMA-co-dMEMUABr)抗菌/热变色双功能涂层的合成

摘要 为了满足对既能控制室温又能自洁的窗户涂料的需求，这项工作研究了一种双功能抗菌/热致变色涂料。该目标是通过化学聚合抗微生物剂季铵化合物 (QAC) N,N-二甲基-N-{2-[(2-甲基丙-2-烯酰基)氧基]乙基}十一烷-1-溴化铵 (dMEMUABr ) 同时使用二氧化钒 (VO2) 作为热致变色剂。抗菌剂 dMEMUABr 具有丙烯酸部分和用于增强杀灭作用的长烃尾，合成并通过 NMR 和 FTIR 光谱表征。VO2 纳米颗粒是水热合成的，并通过包括粉末 XRD、DSC 和 SEM 在内的物理化学分析进行表征。聚合物涂层是通过在紫外线照射下将 dMEMUABr 与甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (MMA) 单体聚合而获得的，所需的紫外线固化时间正在研究中。双功能 VO2/聚（MMA-co-dMEMUABr）涂层的热致变色性能在 25°C 下提供 5.8% 的红外调制 ΔTIR 和 36.1% 的透光率 Tlum。双功能涂层的抗菌测试表明，它可以在 24 小时内以低 dMEMUABr 浓度（相对于 MMA 为 3.8 wt%）杀死 90.3% 的大肠杆菌。抑菌圈试验证明了涂层的接触杀灭原理，不会向环境释放有毒的抗菌剂。双功能 VO2/聚（MMA-co-dMEMUABr）涂层的热致变色性能在 25°C 下提供 5.8% 的红外调制 ΔTIR 和 36.1% 的透光率 Tlum。双功能涂层的抗菌测试表明，它可以在 24 小时内以低 dMEMUABr 浓度（相对于 MMA 为 3.8 wt%）杀死 90.3% 的大肠杆菌。抑菌圈试验证明了涂层的接触杀灭原理，不会向环境释放有毒的抗菌剂。双功能 VO2/聚（MMA-co-dMEMUABr）涂层的热致变色性能在 25°C 下提供 5.8% 的红外调制 ΔTIR 和 36.1% 的透光率 Tlum。双功能涂层的抗菌测试表明，它可以在 24 小时内以低 dMEMUABr 浓度（相对于 MMA 为 3.8 wt%）杀死 90.3% 的大肠杆菌。抑菌圈试验证明了涂层的接触杀灭原理，不会向环境释放有毒的抗菌剂。