Segmentation of brain tissue in diffusion MRI image space has some unique advantages. A novel segmentation method using the direction-averaged diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) signal is proposed. Two images can be obtained from the fitting of the direction-averaged DWI signal as a function of b-value: one with superior contrast between the gray matter and white matter; one with prominent CSF contrast. A pseudo T1 weighted image can be constructed and standard segmentation tools can be applied. The method was tested on the HCP dataset using SPM12, and showed good agreement with segmentation using the T1 weighted image with the same resolution. The Dice score was all greater than 0.88 for GM or WM with full DWI data and very stable against subsampling of the DWI data in number of diffusion directions, number of shells, and spatial resolution.

中文翻译：

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使用 DWI 图像的方向平均信号对大脑进行分割。

弥散MRI图像空间中的脑组织分割具有一些独特的优势。提出了一种使用方向平均扩散加权成像（DWI）信号的新型分割方法。通过将方向平均 DWI 信号拟合为 b 值的函数，可以获得两张图像：一张在灰质和白质之间具有出色的对比度；一种具有突出的 CSF 对比。可以构建伪 T1 加权图像并应用标准分割工具。该方法使用 SPM12 在 HCP 数据集上进行了测试，与使用相同分辨率的 T1 加权图像进行分割显示出良好的一致性。对于具有完整 DWI 数据的 GM 或 WM，Dice 得分均大于 0.88，并且对于 DWI 数据在扩散方向数、壳数和空间分辨率方面的二次采样非常稳定。