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Modulation of growth performance, non-specific immunity, intestinal morphology, the response to hypoxia stress and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) by dietary supplementation of a multi-strain probiotic.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C: Toxicology & Pharmacology ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108724 Xianquan Chen 1 , Jiajun Xie 1 , Zhenlu Liu 1 , Peng Yin 1 , Ming Chen 1 , Yongjian Liu 1 , Lixia Tian 1 , Jin Niu 1
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C: Toxicology & Pharmacology ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108724 Xianquan Chen 1 , Jiajun Xie 1 , Zhenlu Liu 1 , Peng Yin 1 , Ming Chen 1 , Yongjian Liu 1 , Lixia Tian 1 , Jin Niu 1
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The present study was conducted to evaluate a multi-strain probiotic (MP) on growth performance, immune and antioxidant function, response to hypoxia stress and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Based on the viable cell counts of aerobic Bacillus spp., six experimental diets with MP supplemented at 0, 0.34, 1.68, 3.36, 6.72, 10.1 g kg-1 were formulated and 900 juveniles (7.30 ± 0.01 g) were equally distributed into 30 aquaria with respective diet for 60 days. Results showed that fish with 0.34-1.68 g kg-1 MP had better growth and feed utilization. Further, plasma total protein, albumin and high-density lipoprotein were remarkably increased with dietary MP at >1.68 g kg-1. Dietary MP supplementation at 6.72-10.1 g kg-1 strikingly elevated plasma myeloperoxidase activity and complement C3 content. For fish with MP at 1.68 and 6.72-10.1 g kg-1, their liver malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase were remarkably declined and promoted. After hypoxia stress, fish with 3.36-6.72 g kg-1 MP showed significantly higher respiratory burst activity. Challenge test by A. hydrophila confirmed the protection effects of MP through the decreased cumulative mortality rates. For intestinal histomorphology and enzymatic analyses, fish with 1.68 g kg-1 MP displayed significantly higher intestinal villi height, goblet cells and alkaline phosphatase activity. In conclusion, dietary MP supplementation at 1.68 g kg-1 could promote growth, intestinal morphology and antioxidant capacity, while enhancing host immunity requires higher dosages of MP. Broken-line analysis of weight gain revealed that 1.34 g kg-1 is the optimum dosage for the growth of grass carp.
中文翻译：
饮食补充多株益生菌，调节草鱼的生长性能，非特异性免疫力，肠道形态，对低氧胁迫的反应和对嗜水气单胞菌的抵抗力。
本研究旨在评估多菌株益生菌（MP）对草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idella）的生长性能，免疫和抗氧化功能，对低氧胁迫的响应以及对嗜水气单胞菌的抗性。根据需氧芽孢杆菌的活细胞计数，配制了六种添加MP的实验日粮，分别添加0、0.34、1.68、3.36、6.72、10.1 g kg-1，将900幼鱼（7.30±0.01 g）平均分配到30水族箱饮食60天。结果表明，0.34-1.68 g kg-1 MP的鱼具有更好的生长和饲料利用率。此外，饮食MP> 1.68 g kg-1时，血浆总蛋白，白蛋白和高密度脂蛋白显着增加。6.7-10.1 g kg-1的饮食MP补充显着提高了血浆髓过氧化物酶活性和补体C3含量。对于MP为1.68和6.72-10.1 g kg-1的鱼，其肝脏丙二醛和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶显着下降和促进。缺氧胁迫后，3.36-6.72 g kg-1 MP的鱼表现出明显更高的呼吸爆发活性。A. hydrophila的攻击试验证实了MP的保护作用是通过降低累积死亡率来实现的。对于肠道组织形态学和酶分析，1.68 g kg-1 MP的鱼显示出更高的肠绒毛高度，杯状细胞和碱性磷酸酶活性。总之，饮食中MP的添加量为1.68 g kg-1可以促进生长，肠道形态和抗氧化能力，而增强宿主免疫力则需要更高剂量的MP。体重增加的折线分析表明，1.34 g kg-1是草鱼生长的最佳剂量。
更新日期：2020-02-20
中文翻译：
饮食补充多株益生菌，调节草鱼的生长性能，非特异性免疫力，肠道形态，对低氧胁迫的反应和对嗜水气单胞菌的抵抗力。
本研究旨在评估多菌株益生菌（MP）对草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idella）的生长性能，免疫和抗氧化功能，对低氧胁迫的响应以及对嗜水气单胞菌的抗性。根据需氧芽孢杆菌的活细胞计数，配制了六种添加MP的实验日粮，分别添加0、0.34、1.68、3.36、6.72、10.1 g kg-1，将900幼鱼（7.30±0.01 g）平均分配到30水族箱饮食60天。结果表明，0.34-1.68 g kg-1 MP的鱼具有更好的生长和饲料利用率。此外，饮食MP> 1.68 g kg-1时，血浆总蛋白，白蛋白和高密度脂蛋白显着增加。6.7-10.1 g kg-1的饮食MP补充显着提高了血浆髓过氧化物酶活性和补体C3含量。对于MP为1.68和6.72-10.1 g kg-1的鱼，其肝脏丙二醛和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶显着下降和促进。缺氧胁迫后，3.36-6.72 g kg-1 MP的鱼表现出明显更高的呼吸爆发活性。A. hydrophila的攻击试验证实了MP的保护作用是通过降低累积死亡率来实现的。对于肠道组织形态学和酶分析，1.68 g kg-1 MP的鱼显示出更高的肠绒毛高度，杯状细胞和碱性磷酸酶活性。总之，饮食中MP的添加量为1.68 g kg-1可以促进生长，肠道形态和抗氧化能力，而增强宿主免疫力则需要更高剂量的MP。体重增加的折线分析表明，1.34 g kg-1是草鱼生长的最佳剂量。
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