Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) remains the main complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, limiting its chances for a successful outcome. The over-activity of CD4+ effector T cells and the excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines are followed by the development of immune-mediated inflammation and fibrosis of multiple organs. This is the reason for adopting T cell targeting therapies such as cyclosporine A, tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil. However, 40% of treated cGVHD patients remain unresponsive, which results in increased morbidity and mortality. Given the complexity of cGVHD pathogenesis, the involvement of B cells as an important player also needs to be explored. Function of aberrant B cells and secretion of relevant cytokines such as B cell activating factor (BAFF) have been found to correlate with cGVHD severity and have therefore become therapeutic targets. Better understanding of the role of B cells and their efficient targeting could improve the outcome of cGVHD.

中文翻译：

---

慢性移植物抗宿主病中异常B细胞，自身免疫和靶向B细胞的益处。

慢性移植物抗宿主病（cGVHD）仍然是同种异体造血干细胞移植的主要并发症，限制了其获得成功结果的机会。CD4 +效应T细胞的过度活性和促炎性细胞因子的过度产生，随后是免疫介导的炎症和多器官纤维化的发展。这就是采用靶向T细胞疗法（例如环孢霉素A，他克莫司和霉酚酸酯）的原因。但是，接受治疗的cGVHD患者中有40％仍然无反应，这导致发病率和死亡率增加。鉴于cGVHD发病机制的复杂性，还需要探索B细胞作为重要参与者的参与。已经发现异常B细胞的功能和相关细胞因子例如B细胞活化因子（BAFF）的分泌与cGVHD严重程度相关，因此已成为治疗靶标。更好地了解B细胞的作用及其有效靶向可以改善cGVHD的结果。