Our understanding and utilization of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has jump-started over the past two decades. Recent technological advancements in sequencing and metabolomics have allowed for better characterization of our intestinal microbial counterparts, triggering a surge of excitement in the fields of mucosal immunology and microbiology. This excitement is well founded, as demonstrated by 90% relapse-free cure rates in FMT treatment for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections. Growing evidence suggests that in addition to bacterial factors, the host immune response during C. difficile infection greatly influences disease severity. In this review, we discuss recent advancements in understanding the interplay between immune cells and the microbiota and how they may relate to recovery from C. difficile through FMT therapy.

中文翻译：

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考虑粪便微生物群移植治疗艰难梭菌感染期间的免疫系统。


在过去的二十年里，我们对粪便微生物群移植（FMT）的理解和利用得到了飞速发展。最近测序和代谢组学方面的技术进步使得我们能够更好地表征肠道微生物对应物，从而引发了粘膜免疫学和微生物学领域的兴奋。这种兴奋是有根据的，FMT 治疗复发性艰难梭菌感染的无复发治愈率高达 90%。越来越多的证据表明，除了细菌因素外，艰难梭菌感染期间的宿主免疫反应也极大地影响了疾病的严重程度。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了了解免疫细胞和微生物群之间相互作用的最新进展，以及它们与通过 FMT 治疗从艰难梭菌中恢复的关系。