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Janus kinases (JAKs): The efficient therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases and myeloproliferative disorders.
European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry ( IF 6.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-18 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112155
Pengfei Xu 1 , Pei Shen 1 , Bin Yu 1 , Xi Xu 1 , Raoling Ge 2 , Xinying Cheng 1 , Qiuyu Chen 1 , Jinlei Bian 3 , Zhiyu Li 3 , JuBo Wang 3
Affiliation  

The Janus kinases or JAKs are a family of intracellular tyrosine kinases that play an essential role in the signaling of numerous cytokines that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and myeloproliferative disorders. JAKs are activated upon ligand induced receptor homo- or heterodimerization, which results in the immediate phosphorylation of tyrosine residues and the phosphotyrosines then serve as docking sites for cytoplasmic signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins which become phosphorylated by the JAKs upon recruitment to the receptor complex. The phosphorylated STAT proteins dimerize and travel to the cellular nucleus, where they act as transcription factors. Interfering in the JAK-STAT pathway has yielded the only approved small molecule kinase inhibitors for immunological indications. Numerous medicinal chemistry studies are currently aimed at the design of novel and potent inhibitors for JAKs. Additionally, whether the second-generation inhibitors which possessed selectivity for JAKs are more efficient are under research. This Perspective summarizes the progress in the discovery and development of JAKs inhibitors, including the potential binding site and approaches for identifying small-molecule inhibitors, as well as future therapeutic perspectives in autoimmune diseases and myeloproliferative disorders are also put forward in order to provide reference and rational for the drug discovery of novel and potent JAKs inhibitors.

中文翻译:

Janus激酶(JAKs):自身免疫性疾病和骨髓增生性疾病的有效治疗靶标。

Janus激酶或JAK是细胞内酪氨酸激酶的家族,其在多种细胞因子的信号传导中起着重要作用,这些细胞因子已与自身免疫性疾病和骨髓增生性疾病的发病机制有关。JAK在配体诱导的受体同源二聚或异二聚化后被激活,这导致酪氨酸残基立即磷酸化,然后磷酸酪氨酸成为细胞质信号转导子和转录激活因子(STAT)蛋白的停靠位点,这些蛋白在被JAK募集后被磷酸化受体复合物。磷酸化的STAT蛋白二聚化并到达细胞核,在细胞核中它们充当转录因子。干扰JAK-STAT途径已获得唯一批准的用于免疫学适应症的小分子激酶抑制剂。当前,许多药物化学研究旨在设计用于JAK的新型有效抑制剂。另外,正在研究对JAK具有选择性的第二代抑制剂是否更有效。该观点总结了JAKs抑制剂的发现和开发进展,包括潜在的结合位点和鉴定小分子抑制剂的方法,并提出了自身免疫性疾病和骨髓增生性疾病的未来治疗观点,以提供参考和新型和有效的JAK抑制剂药物发现的合理性。对JAK具有选择性的第二代抑制剂是否更有效正在研究中。该观点总结了JAKs抑制剂的发现和开发进展,包括潜在的结合位点和鉴定小分子抑制剂的方法,并提出了自身免疫性疾病和骨髓增生性疾病的未来治疗观点,以提供参考和新型和有效的JAK抑制剂药物发现的合理性。对JAK具有选择性的第二代抑制剂是否更有效正在研究中。该观点总结了JAK抑制剂的发现和开发进展,包括潜在的结合位点和鉴定小分子抑制剂的方法,以及自身免疫性疾病和骨髓增生性疾病的未来治疗观点,以提供参考和新型和有效的JAK抑制剂药物发现的合理性。
更新日期:2020-02-20
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