The materials used for the design of solar receivers are one of the critical parts of the concentrated solar power (CSP) plants. An increase in the working temperature of a solar receiver could induce an increase in the efficiency of the CSP plants. Historically, stainless steels were used for solar receivers. However, one limit of these materials is their poor creep resistance at high temperature. Nowadays, Ni-based alloys are used, but they are limited at 1400 K by their oxidation resistance. Thus, to reach higher temperatures, other materials have to be used. Alumina-scale formers, such as FeCrAlloy, possess a very good oxidation resistance at high temperature. The Kanthal Super ER also shows an excellent oxidation resistance. Consequently, FeCrAlloy and Kanthal Super ER were oxidized at 1373 K in air up to 48 h and compared to the currently used nickel-based alloy Inconel 625. Inconel 625 shows an important mass gain followed by the spallation of its oxide scale. On the contrary, FeCrAlloy and Kanthal Super ER have a low mass gain (less than 0.40 mg cm −2 ) with an adherent oxide layer up to 48 h. Besides the oxidation resistance, the materials have to possess a high solar absorptivity and a total emissivity as low as possible. Oxidized Inconel 625 shows both high solar absorptivity and total emissivity. The other mentioned materials are more suitable due to their high solar absorptivity (> 0.70 for oxidized FeCrAlloy, > 0.80 for oxidized Kanthal Super ER) and their relatively low total emissivity (< 0.35 for oxidized FeCrAlloy, < 0.45 for oxidized Kanthal Super ER). Due to its high oxidation resistance and high solar absorptivity, the Kanthal Super ER seems to be the best candidate for the solar receiver application.

中文翻译：

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Inconel 625、FeCrAlloy 和 Kanthal Super ER 在 1400 K 空气中的氧化和光学性能

用于设计太阳能接收器的材料是聚光太阳能 (CSP) 发电厂的关键部分之一。太阳能接收器工作温度的增加可能会导致 CSP 设备效率的增加。历史上，不锈钢用于太阳能接收器。然而，这些材料的一个限制是它们在高温下的抗蠕变性差。现在，使用镍基合金，但它们的抗氧化性限制在 1400 K。因此，为了达到更高的温度，必须使用其他材料。氧化铝鳞片形成剂，如 FeCrAlloy，在高温下具有非常好的抗氧化性。Kanthal Super ER 还显示出出色的抗氧化性。最后，FeCrAlloy 和 Kanthal Super ER 在空气中以 1373 K 氧化长达 48 小时，并与目前使用的镍基合金 Inconel 625 进行比较。 Inconel 625 显示出重要的质量增加，随后其氧化皮剥落。相反，FeCrAlloy 和 Kanthal Super ER 具有低质量增益（小于 0.40 mg cm -2 ），附着氧化层长达 48 小时。除了抗氧化性之外，材料还必须具有高太阳能吸收率和尽可能低的总辐射率。氧化铬镍铁合金 625 显示出高太阳能吸收率和总辐射率。其他提到的材料更适合，因为它们具有高太阳能吸收率（氧化 FeCrAlloy > 0.70，氧化 Kanthal Super ER > 0.80）和相对较低的总发射率（氧化 FeCrAlloy < 0.35，氧化 Kanthal Super ER < 0.45）。