SUMMARY

Estimating subsurface attenuation distribution is essential to compensate the amplitude and phase distortions in seismic imaging and characterize attenuative reservoirs. Full-waveform inversion (FWI) methods represent promising techniques to invert for both velocity and attenuation models with arbitrary spatial distributions. However, simultaneously determining velocity and attenuation properties introduces the problem of interparameter trade-off in viscoelastic FWI. Ignoring attenuation effects can result in inaccurate velocity estimations. Velocity errors may produce significant parameter crosstalk artifacts in the inverted attenuation models. An appropriate misfit function measuring specific seismic attribute is essential to capture the influence of attenuation on the seismic data and thus is expected to reduce the influences of velocity errors for attenuation estimation. In this study, we evaluate the performances of different misfit functions for attenuation estimation in viscoelastic FWI accompanied with a two-stage sequential inversion strategy. Synthetic examples with different acquisition surveys are given to show that in the presence of strong velocity errors, the amplitude-based misfit functions, including envelope-difference, root-mean-square amplitude-ratio and spectral amplitude-ratio, can invert for the attenuation models more reliably, compared to the waveform-difference and instantaneous phase misfit functions. With the two-stage inversion approach, more reliable velocity and attenuation models can be obtained using viscoelastic FWI.

中文翻译：

---

关于粘弹性全波形反演中不同失配函数对衰减估计的影响：综合研究

概要

估计地下衰减分布对于补偿地震成像中的振幅和相位失真以及表征衰减储层至关重要。全波形反演（FWI）方法代表了有前途的技术，可对具有任意空间分布的速度和衰减模型进行反演。但是，同时确定速度和衰减特性会引入粘弹性FWI中的参数间权衡的问题。忽略衰减效应可能导致速度估算不准确。速度误差可能会在反向衰减模型中产生明显的参数串扰伪像。测量特定地震属性的合适失配函数对于捕获衰减对地震数据的影响至关重要，因此有望减少速度误差对衰减估计的影响。在这项研究中，我们评估了粘弹性FWI中衰减估计的不同失配函数的性能，以及两阶段顺序反演策略。给出了具有不同采集调查的综合实例，结果表明，在存在严重的速度误差的情况下，基于振幅的失配函数（包括包络差，均方根振幅比和频谱振幅比）可以求反。与波形差和瞬时相位失配函数相比，模型更可靠。利用两阶段反演方法，