Identifying the rate-determining step (RDS) for oxygen incorporation into mixed ionic and electronic conducting electrodes is very challenging, particularly since the local composition changes during the reaction. Now, a generally applicable method for identifying the RDS is presented, with the example of a Pr0.1Ce0.9O2–x electrode.

中文翻译：

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电化学引入O 2的途径

确定氧掺入混合离子和电子导电电极的速率确定步骤（RDS）非常具有挑战性，特别是因为局部组成在反应过程中会发生变化。现在，以Pr0.1Ce0.9O2-x电极为例，介绍一种识别RDS的通用方法。