A risk-based prevention strategy is the most widely accepted approach to guide clinician-patient decision-making for prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD). According to this approach, the intensity of prevention efforts is matched to the estimated risk of the individual.¹ American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines currently recommend pooled cohort equations for initial risk assessment, which integrate age, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking status, and treatment for hypertension and diabetes to provide race- and sex-specific estimates of a broadly relevant end point of atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk (myocardial infarction, death from coronary heart disease, and fatal or nonfatal stroke).² While risk assessment for CAD is known to be an imprecise estimate,³ no other tests of cardiovascular risk are uniformly agreed to enhance risk stratification. Thus, the search for additional and better risk markers continues to be a focus of cardiovascular research.^4,5

基于风险的预防策略是最广泛接受的方法，可指导临床医生-患者决策以预防冠心病（CAD）。根据这种方法，将预防工作的强度与个人的估计风险相匹配。¹美国心脏病学会/美国心脏协会指南目前建议使用汇总队列方程式进行初始风险评估，该方程式综合了年龄，收缩压，总胆固醇，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇，吸烟状况以及高血压和糖尿病的治疗方法，以提供种族以及与动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（心肌梗塞，冠心病死亡，致命或非致命性中风）广泛相关的终点的性别特定估计值。²虽然已知对CAD的风险评估是不精确的估计，但³没有统一同意进行其他心血管风险测试以增强风险分层。因此，寻找更多和更好的危险标志物一直是心血管研究的重点。^{4 ，5}