Within the simplest holographic superfluid model and without any ingredient put by hand, it is shown that vortices can be generated when the angular velocity of rotating superfluids exceeds certain critical values, which can be precisely determined by linear perturbation analyses (quasi-normal modes of the bulk AdS black brane). These vortices appear at the edge of the superfluid system first, and then automatically move into the bulk of the system, where they are eventually stabilized into certain vortex lattices. For the case of 18 vortices generated, we find (at least) five different patterns of the final lattices formed due to different initial perturbations, which can be compared to the known result for such lattices in weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates from free energy analyses.

中文翻译：

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全息超流体中涡旋的产生和涡旋晶格的稳定

在最简单的全息超流体模型中，无需人工添加任何成分，结果表明当旋转超流体的角速度超过某些临界值时会产生涡流，这可以通过线性扰动分析（准正态模态）精确确定。散装 AdS 黑膜）。这些涡流首先出现在超流体系统的边缘，然后自动移动到系统的主体中，最终稳定在某些涡流晶格中。对于产生 18 个涡旋的情况，我们发现（至少）五种不同模式的最终晶格由于不同的初始扰动而形成，这可以与从自由能分析得出的弱耦合玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中的此类晶格的已知结果进行比较.