Ammonia oxidation is mainly performed by ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). Allylthiourea (ATU) has been found to specifically inhibit ammonia oxidation. However, the effect of ATU on AOA and AOB transcription has been infrequently studied. In the present study, we examined the responses of AOA and AOB activity and DNA/cDNA community structure to ATU exposure. The ammonia oxidation activity in the 100-mg/L ATU group was 4.3% of that in the control group after 7 days. When exposed to ATU, the gene abundance of AOA was favored compared with that of AOB, and there were no statistically significant differences in the abundance of AOB amoA in DNA and cDNA between the two groups. Compared with the control group, the gene abundance of AOA significantly increased by 5.23 times, while the transcription of AOA significantly decreased by 0.70 times. Moreover, the transcriptional ratio of AOA in the ATU group was only 0.05 times as high as that in the control group. ATU selectively affected AOB and completely inhibited Nitrosomonas europaea and Bacterium amoA.22.HaldeII.kultur at the genetic level. Under ATU exposure, all AOA clusters were transcribed, but three AOB clusters were not transcribed. Our results indicated that the ammonia oxidation potential of the soil of water level fluctuation areas, based on ATU inhibition, was associated mainly with AOA amoA gene abundance and AOB community shifts in DNA and cDNA.

中文翻译：

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在水位波动区土壤中，AOA和AOB活性以及DNA / cDNA群落结构对烯丙基硫脲暴露的响应。

氨氧化主要通过氨氧化古细菌（AOA）和氨氧化细菌（AOB）进行。已经发现烯丙基硫脲（ATU）能特异性抑制氨氧化。但是，很少研究ATU对AOA和AOB转录的影响。在本研究中，我们检查了AOA和AOB活性以及DNA / cDNA群落结构对ATU暴露的响应。7天后，100 mg / L ATU组的氨氧化活性为对照组的4.3％。当暴露于ATU时，与AOB相比，AOA的基因丰度更高，并且两组之间的DNA和cDNA中AOB amoA的丰度没有统计学上的显着差异。与对照组相比，AOA的基因丰度明显提高了5.23倍，而AOA的转录明显降低了0.70倍。此外，ATU组中AOA的转录率仅为对照组的0.05倍。ATU有选择地影响AOB并在遗传水平上完全抑制欧洲亚硝化单胞菌和细菌amoA.22.HaldeII.kultur。在ATU暴露下，所有AOA簇都被转录，但没有转录三个AOB簇。我们的结果表明，基于ATU抑制，水位波动区域土壤的氨氧化潜力主要与AOA amoA基因的丰度以及DNA和cDNA中AOB群落的迁移有关。ATU有选择地影响AOB并在遗传水平上完全抑制欧洲亚硝化单胞菌和细菌amoA.22.HaldeII.kultur。在ATU暴露下，所有AOA簇均被转录，但三个AOB簇均未转录。我们的结果表明，基于ATU抑制，水位波动区域土壤的氨氧化潜力主要与AOA amoA基因的丰度以及DNA和cDNA中AOB群落的迁移有关。ATU有选择地影响AOB并在遗传水平上完全抑制欧洲亚硝化单胞菌和细菌amoA.22.HaldeII.kultur。在ATU暴露下，所有AOA簇均被转录，但三个AOB簇均未转录。我们的结果表明，基于ATU抑制，水位波动区域土壤的氨氧化潜力主要与AOA amoA基因的丰度以及DNA和cDNA中AOB群落的迁移有关。