Aging biology is intimately associated with dysregulated metabolism, which is one of the hallmarks of aging. Aging-related pathways such as mTOR and AMPK, which are major targets of anti-aging interventions including rapamcyin, metformin, and exercise, either directly regulate or intersect with metabolic pathways. In this review, numerous candidate bio-markers of aging that have emerged using metabolomics are outlined. Metabolomics studies also reveal that not all metabolites are created equally. A set of core "hub" metabolites are emerging as central mediators of aging. The hub metabolites reviewed here are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate, α-ketoglutarate, and β-hydroxybutyrate. These "hub" metabolites have signaling and epigenetic roles along with their canonical roles as co-factors or intermediates of carbon metabolism. Together these hub metabolites suggest a central role of the TCA cycle in signaling and metabolic dysregulation associated with aging.

中文翻译：

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衰老代谢组-中心代谢物的生物标志物。

衰老生物学与代谢失调密切相关，这是衰老的标志之一。mTOR 和 AMPK 等衰老相关通路是雷帕霉素、二甲双胍和运动等抗衰老干预措施的主要靶点，它们直接调节或与代谢通路相交叉。在这篇综述中，概述了利用代谢组学出现的许多候选衰老生物标志物。代谢组学研究还表明，并非所有代谢物都是平等产生的。一组核心“枢纽”代谢物正在成为衰老的核心调节剂。这里回顾的中心代谢物是烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸、还原型烟酰胺二核苷酸磷酸、α-酮戊二酸和β-羟基丁酸。这些“中心”代谢物具有信号传导和表观遗传作用，以及它们作为碳代谢的辅助因子或中间体的典型作用。这些中枢代谢物共同表明 TCA 循环在与衰老相关的信号传导和代谢失调中发挥着核心作用。