The effects of whole grain diet on cardiovascular risks in obese and overweight adults is not well established. Our goal was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of whole grain diet on cardiovascular risks in obese/overweight adults. PubMed, Embase and Cochrane were systematically scanned for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and studies were selected based on certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. The primary outcome was the effectiveness of whole grain food consumption in reducing body weight. The secondary outcomes were the effect of whole grain food consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors including plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), insulin resistance index, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), C-reactive protein (CRP), and waist circumference in obese/overweight adults. Our results showed that whole grain consumption was associated with lower body weight (mean difference (MD) = − 0.5, 95% confidence intervals (CI) [− 0.74, 0.25], I2 = 35%, P < 0.0001) and lower CRP (MD = -0.36, 95% CI [− 0.54, − 0.18], I2 = 69%, P < 0.0001), compared with the control group. However, there were no significant differences in LDL-C (MD = -0.08, 95% CI [− 0.16, 0.00], I2 = 27%, P = 0.05), waist circumference (MD = -0.12, 95% CI [− 0.92, 0.68], I2 = 44%, P = 0.76), systolic blood pressure (MD = -0.11, 95% CI [− 1.55, 1.33], I2 = 3%, P = 0.88), diastolic blood pressure (MD = -0.44, 95% CI [− 1.44, 0.57], I2 = 15%, P = 0.39), and fasting glucose (MD = -0.05, 95% CI [− 0.12, 0.01], I2 = 31%, P = 0.11) between the two groups. This study suggests that whole grain food consumption can slightly reduce body weight and CRP in obese/overweight population.

中文翻译：

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全麦食品饮食略微降低肥胖/超重成年人的心血管风险：系统评价和荟萃分析。


全谷物饮食对肥胖和超重成年人心血管风险的影响尚未明确。我们的目标是对全谷物饮食对肥胖/超重成年人心血管风险的影响进行系统评价和荟萃分析。系统地扫描了 PubMed、Embase 和 Cochrane 的随机对照试验 (RCT)，并根据某些纳入和排除标准选择研究。主要结果是全谷物食品消费在减轻体重方面的有效性。次要结果是全麦食品消费对心血管疾病 (CVD) 危险因素的影响，包括血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL-C)、胰岛素抵抗指数、血压、体重指数 (BMI)、C 反应蛋白(CRP) 和肥胖/超重成人的腰围。我们的结果表明，全谷物摄入量与较低体重（平均差 (MD) = − 0.5，95% 置信区间 (CI) [− 0.74, 0.25]，I2 = 35%，P < 0.0001）和较低 CRP 相关（与对照组相比，MD = -0.36，95% CI [− 0.54，− 0.18]，I2 = 69%，P < 0.0001)。然而，LDL-C（MD = -0.08，95% CI [− 0.16, 0.00]，I2 = 27%，P = 0.05）、腰围（MD = -0.12，95% CI [− 0.16, 0.00]，腰围）没有显着差异。 0.92, 0.68]，I2 = 44%，P = 0.76)，收缩压 (MD = -0.11，95% CI [− 1.55, 1.33]，I2 = 3%，P = 0.88)，舒张压 (MD = -0.44, 95% CI [− 1.44, 0.57], I2 = 15%, P = 0.39) 和空腹血糖 (MD = -0.05, 95% CI [− 0.12, 0.01], I2 = 31%, P = 0.11 ）在两组之间。这项研究表明，食用全麦食品可以略微降低肥胖/超重人群的体重和 CRP。